松软低透煤层机械造穴参数优化数值模拟研究
杨勇 , 杨艳国 , 张兴华 , 穆永亮 , 庞杰 , 张艳新 , 邢文静
太原理工大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4) : 854 -862.
松软低透煤层机械造穴参数优化数值模拟研究
Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Cavtation Parameter Optimization in Soft and Low-Permeability Coal Seam
目的 以唐安煤矿3#煤层为工程背景,研究机械造穴技术对松软低透煤层的增透效果。 方法 建立了瓦斯抽采流-固耦合数值模型,利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件研究了造穴段长度与造穴段间距对瓦斯抽采效果影响。 结果 增加造穴段长度或减小造穴段间距可以增加孔内洞穴煤体与空气接触面积,同时使煤体产生新的裂隙或使原有裂隙增大,增加瓦斯运移通道,使瓦斯在卸压过程中能更快地被煤体解吸,提高煤体渗透性。综合考虑提升煤层瓦斯抽采效果以及节省现场施工成本和施工时间的情况下,合理造穴段长度和造穴段间距分别取1 m和10 m为宜。在唐安煤矿3#煤层进行了现场试验,比较不同造穴段长度和造穴段间距对抽采纯量的影响,现场考察结果与数值模拟结果相吻合。通过与普通钻孔对比,机械造穴钻孔单孔瓦斯抽采纯量提高了2.95~3.65倍,表明机械造穴相较于普通钻孔更适用于松软低透煤层。
Purposes In order to study the anti-reflection effect of mechanical cavitation technology on soft and low-permeability coal seam, a fluid-solid coupling numerical model for gas extraction is established on the basis of the engineering background of No.3 coal seam in Tangan Coal Mine. Methods The effects of cavitation section length and spacing on gas extraction effect were studied by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Results The results show as follows: Increasing the length of cavitation section or decreasing the spacing of cavitation section can increase the contact area between coal and air in the cavity, generate new cracks in the coal body or enlarge the original cracks, increase gas migration channels, make gas desorption faster in the process of pressure relief, and increase permeability of coal body. Considering the improvement of coal seam gas extraction effect and the saving of engineering cost and construction time, the reasonable length and spacing of cavitation section should be 1 and 10 m, respectively. A field test was carried out in the No. 3 coal seam of Tangan Coal Mine to compare the influence of different caving section lengths and caving section spacing on the extraction purity. The field investigation results are in agreement with numerical simulation results. Compared with ordinary drilling, the pure gas extraction from single hole of mechanical cavitation drilling is increased by 2.95~3.65 times, indicating that mechanical cavitation drilling is more suitable for soft and low-permeability coal seam than ordinary drilling.
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山西省基础研究计划项目(202203021212280)
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