含水率对平遥夯土城墙物理力学性质的影响及其稳定性分析
乔敬淇 , 南东敏 , 杨星宇 , 武开浩 , 石宇辰 , 韩鹏举 , 白向灵 , 何斌
太原理工大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5) : 897 -908.
含水率对平遥夯土城墙物理力学性质的影响及其稳定性分析
Influence of Moisture Content on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Rammed Earth Wall in Pingyao Ancient City and Its Stablity Analysis
目的 针对受赋存环境变化影响夯土城墙的含水率分布存在差异,探究不同含水率下夯土体的物理力学性质的变化规律,为平遥夯土城墙及类似夯土建筑的预防性保护和修缮土体选取提供理论依据。 方法 以平遥古城夯土体为研究对象,通过设置不同目标含水率夯土体,利用固结仪、直剪仪对不同含水率下土体的的压缩模量、黏聚力以及抗剪强度等力学性能指标进行了测试,利用ABAQUS中强度折减法计算其不同含水率下城墙的稳定性系数,探讨了不同含水率土体对城墙稳定性的影响。 结果 当土的含水率w<13.0%时,随着含水率w逐渐增加,土体的压缩模量Es、抗剪强度τ、黏聚力c均呈现上升趋势;当土的含水率w>13.0%时,随着含水率w逐渐增加,土体的压缩模量Es 减小、压缩性提高。含水率继续增加,土体逐渐由低压缩性土向中压缩性土过渡,土体的黏聚力c、抗剪强度τ逐渐降低,城墙安全稳定系数大体上呈逐渐下降趋势;夯土城墙在不同含水率下最大剪应力表现为外墙大于内墙、底部大于顶部,塑性应变集中在内墙底部。
Purposes In response to the changes in the surrounding environment, the moisture content distribution of rammed earth walls varies. To investigate the law of physical and mechanical properties of rammed earth bodies with different moisture contents, the rammed earth bodies of the World Cultural Heritage site of Pingyao Ancient City are selected as the research object. Methods Different target moisture content rammed earth bodies were set up, and the compression modulus, cohesion, and shear strength of the soil bodies with different moisture contents were tested by using consolidation apparatus and shear apparatus. At the same time, the stability coefficient of the walls with different moisture contents was calculated by using the strength reduction method in ABAQUS, and the influence of moisture content in soil bodies on the stability of the walls was discussed. Results The findings indicate that when the soil’s moisture content w is less than 13.0%, the soil’s cohesion c, compression modulus Es, and shear strength τ all exhibit an increasing tendency as the moisture content increases. When the soil has a moisture content of more than 13.0%, the soil’s compressibility increases and its Es decreases. Low-compression soil gradually becomes medium-compression soil as w increases. The soil experiences a drop in c and τ, leading to a decrease in soil stability. With the increase of w, the safety and stability coefficient of the wall shows a gradual downward trend in general. For the maximum shear stress and equivalent plastic strain of the rammed earth wall with different moisture contents, the maximum shear stress of the outer wall is greater than that of the inner wall, that of the bottom is greater than that of the top, and the plastic strain is concentrated at the bottom of the inner wall. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the preventive protection and repair soil selection of rammed earth walls and similar rammed earth buildings in Pingyao Ancient City.
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国家自然科学基金(41807256)
山西省自然科学基金(202203021211136)
山西省自然科学基金(20210302123139)
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