原生裂缝长度对电脉冲致裂煤岩体的影响规律
Effects of Primary Fracture Length on High-Voltage Electrical Pulse Fracturing Coal Rock Mass
目的 水中高压脉冲放电作为一种新型的致裂增产手段,以其绿色安全及高效可控的特性在煤层气致裂增产方面得到了广泛应用。由于煤岩体中存在丰富的原生裂缝,水中高压脉冲放电产生的水激波在原生裂缝处产生透射与反射,同时反射波和下一道水激波会叠加形成干涉,从而产生更多裂纹。本文研究水中高压脉冲放电在不同原生裂缝长度下对岩体的致裂效果。 方法 通过实验室三轴压力下岩石大尺寸试件的放电致裂实验和数值模拟,统计了不同原生裂缝长度下放电致裂产生的裂纹长度、力链断裂数目、定点测量的裂纹宽度和震动速度等参数,研究了原生裂缝长度对岩石致裂裂纹的起裂、扩展的影响规律。 结果 研究结果表明:脉冲放电次数对煤岩体裂纹的起裂和扩展有明显促进作用,裂纹宽度增长率随着设置裂缝长度的增加而增加;原生裂缝的存在提高了电脉冲致裂时产生裂纹的总长度和总数量;原生裂缝的存在改变了煤岩体中应力分布情况,随着原生裂缝长度的增加迎波侧区域压应力降低,在相同冲击载荷作用下更容易产生裂纹;相同放电次数下,随着原生裂缝长度的增大,力链断裂数目增加,在迎波侧区域所测定点的震动速度峰值增大,达到最大震动速度时所需时程步数减少。 结论 研究结果为高瓦斯煤层放电动态致裂技术提供了理论依据。
Purposes As a new method of fracturing, high-voltage pulse discharge in water has been widely used in coalbed methane fracturing owing to its green, safe, efficient, and controllable characteristics. Since to the abundant primary cracks in coal and rock mass, the water shock wave generated by high-voltage pulse discharge in water will produce transmission and reflection at the primary fracture, and the reflected wave and the next water shock wave will superimpose to form interference, resulting in more cracks. The cracking effect of high-voltage pulse discharge in water on rock mass under different primary fracture lengths is studied. Methods The parameters such as crack length, force chain fracture number, crack width, and vibration velocity measured at fixed point were counted through discharge fracture test and numerical simulation of large-size rock specimens with triaxial pressure in the laboratory, and the influence of primary fracture length on the initiation and propagation of rock fractures was studied. Results The results show that the number of pulse discharges has a significant effect on the initiation and propagation of cracks in coal and rock mass, and the growth rate of crack width increases with the increase of the length of the cracks. The presence of primary cracks increases the total length and total number of cracks generated when electrical pulse induces cracking. The existence of primary fractures changes the stress distribution in coal and rock mass, and with the increase of the length of primary fractures, the compressive stress in the wavefront region decreases, and cracks are more likely to occur under the same impact load. With the increase of the length of the primary crack, the number of force chain fractures increases, the peak value of the vibration velocity at the measured point in the frontal side region increases, and the number of time steps required to reach the maximum vibration velocity decreases. Conclusions The research results provide a theoretical basis for the dynamic fracturing technology of high-gas coal seam discharge.
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国家自然科学基金项目(51574280)
山西省自然科学面上项目(202303021221042)
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