Purposes Data-driven transient stability assessment of power systems has become the mainstream research direction at this stage. However, in the practical applications, there are still problems such as too few unstable samples and lack of consideration of the impact of power system spatial topology information on transient stability assessment. In view of these issues, a new transient stability assessment model based on conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) and graph convolution network (GCN) is proposed. Methods First, CGAN was used to perform targeted enhancement on sparsely distributed unstable samples as a link between the original unbalanced data set and the data-driven transient stability discrimination method, so as to achieve accurate optimization of the extremely unbalanced original data set. Then, the spatial topology information of the power grid was introduced as input, and the GCN was used to mine the spatial feature relationship of the power grid. After that, the transient stability assessment model was constructed by combining the feature vector of the node itself and its transient stability label, which enhances the model’s generalization ability for changes in power grid operation mode and topological structure. Finally, simulation verifications were carried out on the IEEE-39 node system and the IEEE-118 node system. Conclusions The results show that the proposed CGAN-GCN transient stability assessment model has improved accuracy and demonstrates strong generalization ability during model topology changes.
此外,电力网络的拓扑构造是决定能量分布全局性特征的关键因素,影响着发电机之间的功率平衡状态、负荷与有功电源间的电气距离等[21]。为研究电网拓扑结构对暂态稳定评估的影响,文献[22]构建了一个基于电网拓扑图的邻接性和节点信息的暂态稳定评估模型,该模型采用图注意力网络(graph attention network,GAT)作为核心算法。文献[23]运用消息传递图神经网络(message passing neural network,MPNN)来研究空间特征对暂态稳定性评估性能的影响。文献[24]运用图嵌入技术提取系统的拓扑特征,利用双向长短期记忆网络(bidirectional long short term memory,Bi-LSTM)分析这些特征的时间序列,以提高暂态电压稳定评估的性能。以上方法虽然考虑到了电网拓扑结构的影响,但对电力系统结构中各节点自身特征信息的挖掘不够充分,缺乏对远距离节点关系的提取能力,同时处理高维的节点数据效率较低,并且考虑到在线应用时所面临的电力系统由于计划维护、发电调度方式改变,以及负荷季节性波动引发的运行方式改变或空间拓扑变化,模型泛化能力不足。因此,引入更加高效、全面的图数据处理模型,深刻研究电力系统中各节点特征影响,是提高电力系统暂稳评估模型综合性能,增强模型鲁棒性的研究重点。
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