基于人致振动的悬挑钢结构旋转楼梯舒适度研究
刘鹏基 , 安毅 , 程欣 , 郑礼刚 , 杨乐 , 李海旺
太原理工大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5) : 937 -946.
基于人致振动的悬挑钢结构旋转楼梯舒适度研究
Comfort Study of Cantilevered Steel Structure Spiral Staircase Based on Human-induced Vibration
目的 悬挑钢结构旋转楼梯的结构特性使其对人致振动敏感,易发生舒适度问题,需进行舒适度研究。 方法 以山西潇河国际会展中心一悬挑旋转楼梯为研究对象,进行现场人致振动试验。通过结构的加速度响应,得到不同人群激励下楼梯振动响应的幅值特性,分析人群步频和密度对楼梯振动的影响;通过解析模态分解和随机减量技术识别结构自振频率,并结合峰值加速度、均方根值加速度和等效正弦峰值加速度三个指标进行了舒适度评价。 结果 结果表明,人群下行与集中于楼梯外侧会引起楼梯较大振动响应;楼梯振动响应水平随人群步频的增大而增大,在人群步频接近楼梯自振频率时,振动响应水平随加载时间的增大会显著增大;识别结构前三阶自振频率分别为3.34 Hz、5.77 Hz和10.63 Hz;将实测自振频率和加速度指标与规范限值比较,表明该楼梯满足舒适度要求。
Purposes The structural characteristics of cantilevered steel spiral staircases make them sensitive to human-induced vibrations, which may lead to comfort issues and thus necessitate comfort research. Methods A cantilevered spiral staircase at the Xiaohe International Convention and Exhibition Center in Shanxi was selected as the subject of study, and on-site human-induced vibration tests were conducted. Through the acceleration response of the structure, the amplitude characteristics of the stair vibration response with different crowd excitations were obtained, and the impact of crowd step frequency and density on stair vibration was analyzed. The natural frequencies of the structure were identified by using analytical modal decomposition and stochastic reduction techniques, and comfort evaluations were conducted with three indicators: peak acceleration, root mean square (RMS) acceleration, and equivalent static peak acceleration. Results The results indicate that when crowds descend and concentrate on the outer side of the stairs, they cause significant vibration responses. The level of stair vibration response increases with the crowd step frequency, and it significantly increases with loading time when the crowd step frequency approaches the natural frequency of the stairs. The first three natural frequencies of the structure are identified as 3.34, 5.77, and 10.63 Hz. Comparing the measured natural frequencies and acceleration indicators with the regulatory limits shows that the staircase meets the comfort requirements.
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