Purposes Transition metal Ni is an important active component of catalysts for dry reforming of methane technology, but Ni-based catalysts are prone to deactivation because of carbon deposition and sintering at high temperatures. Based on previous dynamic equilibrium approach for coke/de-coking to comprehensively resolve catalyst deactivation in dry reforming of methane (DRM), the kinetic study of a self-developed highly stable Ni-Mo/Ce0.8Zr0.2/MgAl(O) catalyst (TYUT-HMCZ) is performed at 873-1 173 K with CH4/CO2 partial pressure of 5-50 kPa. Methods By using the Power-Law (P-L) and Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) models, the DRM reaction mechanism and dynamic equilibrium approach for coke/de-coking characteristics were discussed. Results Results of the multivariate non-linear fitting indicate that the P-L model provides superior fitting performance across the entire temperature range (R2>0.90). The apparent activation energy for CH4 (32.2 kJ/mol) is significantly higher than that for CO2 (15.1 kJ/mol). This confirmes that within the specified tested temperature range, methane cracking is the rate-determining step. The applicability of the L-H model will be limited at low temperatures (<873 K), probably owing to non-equilibrium reactant adsorption or additional complicating processes. While at elevated temperatures, the adsorption constant KCO2(0.012 86)>KCH4(0.008 50), reflecting CO2 preferential adsorption behavior. With increasing temperature, the CH4 reaction order α decreases from 0.99 to 0.59, increasing coking risk, while the CO2 order β increases from 0.22 to 0.62, enhancing decoking capability, which validates the feasibility of the ‘high-temperature dynamic coking/de-coking equilibrium’ design concept. The TYUT-HMCZ catalyst shows stable laboratory operation for 658 h at 1 173 K and GHSV=60 000 mL/(g·h) (conversion rate >95%). Moreover, it undergoes over 200 h of experimental evaluation on a 600 m³/h pilot plant without signs of deactivation, indicating its industrial application potential. This study quantitatively elucidates the dynamic competitive mechanism between coking and de-coking. Conclusions This paper elucidates the dynamic competitive mechanism between carbon deposition and removal through kinetic studies, and proposes a strategy of low-temperature control of CH4 cracking coupled with high-temperature promotion of CO2 activation to achieve the development of highly stable DRM catalysts and the optimisation of industrial reactors with varying reaction temperature conditions.
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