A self-adaptive t-distribution sparrow search algorithm with improved search mechanism (ATSSA) is proposed to address the shortcomings of the sparrow search algorithm, which is prone to falling into local optima and relies on population initialization during the optimization process. Bernoulli chaotic mapping is introduced to obtain a high-quality initial population; inspired by the fishing method of the osprey optimization algorithm, the discoverer search mechanism is improved to enable the discoverer to exhibit greater flexibility in the optimization process, thereby enhancing the exploration ability of the algorithm; an adaptive t-distribution operator is introduced based on probability to perturb and improve the convergence speed of the algorithm; the golden sine strategy is adopted to change the position of the alerter and improve the convergence ability of the algorithm. The performance of the algorithm was validated through testing on 14 benchmark functions and Wilcoxon rank sum test. The research results show that ATSSA has good optimization performance and robustness.
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