To address the problem of poor performance in detecting miner behavior in underground coal mine through visual equipment, model optimization and experimental methods are adopted. A benchmark model is constructed based on YOLOv8s. An efficient multi-scale attention mechanism is introduced to improve the backbone network, enhancing the ability to extract and represent multi-pose and multi-scale features of miners. The loss function is optimized to improve the accuracy and stability of low-quality image detection in complex underground scenes; a lightweight module is designed to replace the feature processing module of the original neck deep network, ensuring efficient detection. The results show that the average accuracy of the improved model for underground miner behavior detection is increased by 1.2%, and the amount of model parameters is reduced by 17%. The research conclusions provide reference for the target detection optimization of specific tasks in similar scenarios.
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