In order to explore the energy evolution mechanism of the characteristic points in the deformation and failure process of the coal-rock combination under different soaking time, the uniaxial compression test of a coal-rock mass under different soaking time was carried out. The results show that with the increase of the soaking time of the coal-rock combination, the elastic modulus, compressive strength and brittleness index are negatively correlated with the soaking time, and the peak strain is positively correlated with the soaking time. Based on the principle of energy calculation, it can be seen that with the extension of soaking time, the proportion of elastic strain energy increases gradually at the starting point of linear elasticity of coal-rock combination, and the proportion of dissipated energy in the process of microcrack formation and pore closure is relatively low. At the peak stress, the weaker the ability to store elastic strain energy and absorb total strain energy, the higher the proportion of dissipated energy, indicating that the energy dissipation is more significant. At the post-peak complete failure, the total strain energy absorbed shows a downward trend, indicating that its ability to absorb external energy is gradually decreasing. The evolution law of the impact tendency of the coal-rock combination was further explored. When the soaking time of the combination increased to 21 days, the energy impact index IACF and the improved brittleness index IBIM gradually decreased. However, when the soaking time increased to 28 days, that is, the sample reached saturation, IACF and IBIM showed an upward trend. The research results can provide reference for the prediction and evaluation of water disaster and rock mechanics evaluation of coal and rock pillars.
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