To study the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on sandstone's physical and mechanical properties, freeze-thaw cycle tests and uniaxial compression tests with different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles were carried out on sandstone with different water content. Based on the theory of rock damage mechanics, a coupled frost-thaw-load damage model of sandstone was established, and the model's reliability was verified with experimental results. The results show that as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases, sandstone produces cumulative freeze-thaw damage, decreasing sandstone strength and increasing deformation. The change in the total damage value of the freeze-thaw-loaded rock shows an overall “S” trend. This proves that this damage model can better describe the adaptability of the mechanical properties of the loaded freeze-thaw sandstone. The research results can provide a reference for preventing and controlling freezing disasters of tunnel engineering in cold areas.
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