To address the challenge of interpreting map information from three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar (3D GPR) used for detecting structural defects in asphalt pavements, this study conducted field data collection on the Suiyue Expressway in Hubei using three-dimensional GPR. Combining this data with convolutional neural network (CNN) assisted manual map analysis, suspected defect locations were identified. Core samples were taken from these suspected locations to verify the accuracy of defect identification and reflection crack size calculation. The study further summarized the map features of three common types of structural defects. The results indicate that different structural defects exhibit significantly different forms in 3D GPR maps. The method of inferring reflection crack sizes based on three-dimensional maps is reliable. These research conclusions provide a reference for universal application on automatic interpretation technology of three-dimensional GPR echo maps.
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