In order to explore the influence of edge cracks with different lengths on the mechanical properties and crack propagation law of rock mass, The mechanical properties, crack propagation law and failure mode of red sandstone samples with prefabricated edge cracks (0 mm, 5 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm) of 50 mm×50 mm× 100 mm under uniaxial compression were studied by laboratory test and PFC2D numerical simulation method, and acoustic emission was used for synchronous monitoring. The test results show that with the increase of the edge crack length, the bearing capacity of the sample decreases significantly, and the peak strength and elastic modulus show a stepwise downward trend. When the crack length reaches 25 mm, the strength of the sample decreases by 80.39%. The failure mode gradually changes from tensile-shear mixed failure to shear-dominated failure, and the brittleness characteristics are significantly enhanced. The slope of the cumulative ring count curve of acoustic emission gradually increases, the boundary point of the elastic-plastic stage moves backward, and the brittle transition is accelerated. The PFC2D numerical simulation results are basically consistent with the laboratory test, and the mechanism of crack initiation and failure mode transformation at the crack tip is revealed. The research conclusions provide theoretical support for the stability evaluation and disaster prevention and control of surrounding rock with edge cracks on the free side in underground engineering.
由图11可知,当边缘裂隙长度为25 mm (L25-2)时,起裂应力为6.40 MPa,约为峰值应力的92.89%,此时由裂隙尖端处向试样底部产生翼状裂纹D-1并迅速延伸至底部端面。起裂后,随着加载的进行,试样在较短时间内便达到峰值应力并发生脆性破坏,当加载至峰值应力6.89 MPa时,由翼状裂纹处产生次生剪切裂纹D-2,并迅速贯通造成剪切破坏,使试样失去承载能力。
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