To optimize the pseudo-random pulse parameters in reduced-dynamic orbit determination, a genetic algorithm-based optimization strategy for pseudo-random pulse parameters is proposed. The applicability of this strategy is analyzed using GRACE-FO satellites, and its effectiveness is validated by comparing it with the traditional empirical pulse parameter determination method as a benchmark. The results show that the proposed strategy improves the orbit determination accuracy for the GRACE-C and GRACE-D satellites by up to 38.5% compared to traditional methods, achieving a peak single-day accuracy of 11.5 mm. In terms of orbit prediction, the optimal accuracies for 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h predictions are 27.9 mm, 52.1 mm, and 72.7 mm, respectively. The 3 h prediction accuracy for GRACE-C and GRACE-D improves by an average of 46% and 23%, respectively. The strategy yields the most significant error improvement in the A-direction, while its impact on the C-direction and R-direction is relatively smaller. These findings provide a reference for improving both the accuracy of orbit determination and prediction.
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