To supplement perfect the existing mix proportion of river sand-lime-gypsum similar material ratio system, 81 groups of full factor proportion tests were carried out to test the uniaxial compressive strength of similar material samples by setting two factors of sand-binder mass ratio (1∶1-9∶1) and lime-gypsum mass ratio (1∶1-9∶1). The results show that the gypsum content is the dominant factor affecting the compressive strength of the sample. Increasing the gypsum content from 10% to 90% yielded up to an 8.23 times of strength increase. Conversely, the aggregate content is negatively correlated with the compressive strength of the sample. When the aggregate content is increased from 2 parts to 9 parts, the strength is reduced by 80.66%. On this basis, the mix proportion database of river sand-lime-gypsum similar materials in the strength range of 0.031-0.543 MPa was established, and the optimization principle of “lithology interval and interval selection path” is put forward. The engineering application shows that the selected ratio can better simulate the mechanical behavior of the actual rock strata, offering robust data support and theoretical guidance for the selection of similar simulation test materials.
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