云南省某县中小学生生活事件与内、外化行为问题的关联

Association of life events with internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems among primary and secondary school students in a county of Yunnan province

摘要

目的 了解普洱市某县中小学生的内、外化问题发生情况及影响因素,为制定有效的预防和干预措施提供参考。方法 2023年12月采取随机整群抽样方法,抽取调查县小学四年级~高三年级830名在校学生,使用学生版长处与困难问卷(SDQ)、青少年生活事件量表及自编问卷采集数据,分析中小学生内、外化行为问题现状及影响因素。结果 中小学生内化行为异常率为21.33%(177/830),外化行为异常率为22.53%(187/830),有11.20%(93/830)的学生同时检出内、外化行为异常。外化问题的保护因素为母亲性格中等(OR=0.512)和平缓(OR=0.451),危险因素为家庭关系较差(OR=7.181)、人际关系(OR=2.112)和健康适应(OR=1.668)得分异常。女性(OR=1.773)、高中(OR=1.984)、家庭关系一般(OR=2.400)及人际关系(OR=2.117)、受惩罚(OR=1.918)、健康适应(OR=1.856)得分异常是内化问题的危险因素。结论 在校中小学生存在一定程度的内、外化行为异常,生活事件影响其情绪和行为。家庭和学校应加强关注生活事件与心理行为问题,根据儿童青少年个体和群体的差异,实施个性化的教育和预防、干预措施。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of internalizing and externalizing problems among primary and secondary school students in a county of Pu′er City, in order to provide a reference for the development of effective prevention and intervention strategies. Methods In December 2023, a random cluster sampling method was adopted to select 830 students from the fourth grade of primary school to the third grade of senior high school in the surveyed county.Data were collected using the student version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Event Check List, and a self-designed questionnaire.The current status and influencing factors of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems among the students were analyzed. Results The detection rates of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems were 21.33% (177/830) and 22.53% (187/830), respectively, with 11.20%(93/830) of students exhibiting both types of behavioral problems.Protective factors for externalizing problems included a moderate (OR=0.512) or calm maternal temperament (OR=0.451), while risk factors included poor family relationships (OR=7.181), abnormal interpersonal relationships (OR=2.112), and abnormal health adaptation scores (OR=1.668).Risk factors for internalizing problems included being female (OR=1.773), attending senior high school (OR=1.984), average family relationships (OR=2.400), interpersonal relationships (OR=2.117), experiencing punishment (OR=1.918), and abnormal health adaptation scores (OR=1.856). Conclusions A certain degree of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems exists among primary and secondary school students, with life events significantly impacting their emotions and behaviors.Families and schools should pay greater attention to the relationship between life events and psychological behavioral issues.Targeted health education, prevention and intervention measures should be implemented based on the individual and group differences among children and adolescents.

关键词

儿童青少年 / 生活事件 / 行为问题

Key words

children and adolescents / life events / behavioral problems

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基金资助

云南省“两类”人才——云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养项目(2024AC350014);昆明市中青年学术和技术带头人项目(KMRCD-2018011);昆明市西山区科技局重点项目(2023)