华中地区农村10~18岁儿童青少年心理健康与主动欺凌行为的关联

Association between mental health and active bullying behavior among rural children and adolescents aged 10 - 18 years in Central China

摘要

目的 了解华中地区农村10~18岁儿童青少年心理健康状况及其与主动欺凌行为的关联关系,为农村儿童青少年心理健康发展及预防欺凌行为的发生及干预提供参考和帮助。方法 2023年9—11月,采用分层整群抽样的方法,在华中地区的河南、湖北、湖南对8 462名10~18岁儿童青少年进行心理健康状况和主动欺凌行为状况的问卷调查,并分析两者之间存在的关联关系。结果 华中地区农村10~18岁儿童青少年主动欺凌行为检出率为10.36%(877/8 462)。不同性别、是否独生子女、学业成绩、抽烟、饮酒、与父亲关系、与母亲关系、父母间关系组间的主动欺凌行为检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ² =104.678、4.015、34.662、43.848、226.738、92.497、55.722、100.536,P＜0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,敌对、人际关系敏感、学业压力、情绪不平衡等心理健康问题与儿童青少年主动欺凌行为的发生存在密切关联(OR=1.29~3.79,P＜0.05)。敌对、人际关系敏感、情绪不平衡因素与主动欺凌行为存在线性趋势(χ²_趋势=12.59,14.68,13.69,P＜0.01)。结论 华中地区农村儿童青少年面临严峻的主动欺凌行为防控形势,且不良心理健康问题严重程度与主动欺凌之间存在线性关联。今后应重视儿童青少年的心理健康状况,以预防主动欺凌行为的发生,保障儿童青少年身心健康发展。

Abstract

Objective To examine the mental health status of rural children and adolescents aged 10 - 18 years in Central China and its association with active bullying behaviors, so as to provide evidence for mental health promotion and bullying prevention interventions in this population. Methods From September to November 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 8 462 primary and secondary school students aged 10 - 18 years in Henan, Hubei, and Hunan in Central China.Standardized questionnaires assessed mental health and active bullying behaviors.Statistical analysis evaluated their associations. Results The detection rate of active bullying behaviors was 10.36% (877/8 462) among rural adolescents aged 10~18 years in Central China.Significant differences in bullying rates were observed across gender, only-child status, academic performance, smoking, alcohol use, and family relationship variables (χ²=104.678, 4.015, 34.662, 43.848, 226.738, 92.497, 55.722, 100.536, P<0.05).Logistic regression revealed strong associations between active bullying and mental health dimensions including hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, academic stress, and emotional instability (OR=1.29 - 3.79) (P<0.05).There was a linear association of hostility (β=0.43), interpersonal sensitivity (β=0.38), and emotional instability (β=0.29) with active bullying behavior (P<0.01). Conclusions Rural adolescents in Central China demonstrate concerning rates of active bullying, with linear trends between bullying risk and severity of specific mental health problems.Targeted interventions addressing these psychological factors may effectively reduce bullying behaviors and promote healthy adolescent development.

关键词

心理健康 / 欺凌行为 / 关联关系 / 华东地区 / 儿童青少年

Key words

mental health / bullying behavior / correlation / Central China / children and adolescents

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基金资助

河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LH-GJ20210168)