早产儿学龄前睡眠问题研究进展

Sleep disturbances in preschool children born prematurely

摘要

早产儿学龄前睡眠问题对其神经发育、认知功能及家庭生活质量具有显著影响。与足月儿相比,早产儿在学龄前期更容易出现睡眠问题,且可能会持续至学龄期乃至成年。本文系统梳理了早产儿学龄前睡眠障碍的分类、发生机制及对神经发育的长期影响,并基于现有证据,提出多维度改善策略,以期为改善早产儿学龄前睡眠质量提供科学指导。

Abstract

Sleep disturbances in preschool children born prematurely significantly impact their neurodevelopment, cognitive function, and family quality of life.Compared with full-term infants, preterm infants are more likely to experience sleep disturbances during the preschool period, and these issues may persist into school age and even adulthood.This review systematically synthesizes current evidence regarding the classification, underlying pathogenic mechanisms of sleep disorders in this vulnerable population. Furthermore, we examine the long-term consequences of atypical sleep patterns on neurodevelopment and propose multidimensional, evidence-based intervention strategies, aiming to provide targeted clinical guidance for improving sleep quality in preschool-age preterm children.

关键词

早产儿 / 学龄前 / 睡眠问题 / 神经发育 / 干预

Key words

preterm infants / preschool / sleep disturbances / neurodevelopment / interventions

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基金资助

湖北医药学院附属太和医院院级项目(2022JJXM079)