孤独症谱系障碍儿童运动功能与核心症状的关系研究

Research on the relationship between motor function and core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder

摘要

目的 探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童运动功能与社交沟通障碍及重复刻板行为之间的关联性,为改善患儿社会功能提供理论依据。方法 选取2023年1月—2025年1月在榆林市儿童医院接受干预的246例ASD患儿(2~12岁)为研究对象,其中<6岁组182例,≥6岁组64例。采用儿童发育性运动协调障碍问卷(DCDQ)评估运动功能,社交沟通量表(SCQ)检测社交能力,重复刻板行为检查表(RBS-R)量化行为特征,《儿童孤独症评定量表》(CARS)评估ASD的症状严重程度。运用多重线性回归模型分析运动功能与核心症状的关联性,对混杂因素进行校正。结果 <6岁组患儿中运动功能缺陷发生率为59.34%,≥6岁组为28.13%。存在运动功能缺陷的患儿在CARS、SCQ及RBS-R得分均显著高于无缺陷组(P<0.05)。在<6岁组中,CARS总分和SCQ总分与DCDQ总分呈负相关(β=-0.035,-0.164,P<0.05);在≥6岁组中,SCQ总分和RBS-R总分与DCDQ总分呈负相关(β=-0.204,-0.863,P<0.05)。结论 ASD儿童运动功能障碍与核心症状严重程度存在显著相关性。建议将运动功能评估纳入ASD常规筛查体系,并在多维度康复方案中强化运动干预策略。

Abstract

Objective To explore the correlation of motor function with social communication disorders and repetitive stereotyped behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), so as to provide theoretical reference for improving children's social function. Methods A total of 246 children with ASD (aged 2 - 12 years) who received services at Yulin Children's Hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected, including 182 cases in the <6-year-old group and 64 cases in the ＞6-year-old group.Standardized tools were used for assessment: the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) for motor function, the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) for social skills, the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) for behavioral characteristics, and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) for symptom severity.After adjusting for confounding factors, multiple linear regression models were applied to analyze the correlation between motor function and core symptoms. Results The detection rate of motor dysfunction was 59.34% in the <6-year-old group and 28.13% in the ≥6-year-old group.Children with motor dysfunction had significantly higher scores on CARS, SCQ, and RBS-R than those without dysfunction (P<0.05).In the <6-year-old group, CARS and SCQ scores were negatively correlated with DCDQ scores (β=-0.035, -0.164, P<0.05); in the ≥6-year-old group, SCQ and RBS-R scores were negatively correlated with DCDQ scores (β=-0.204, -0.863, P<0.05). Conclusions Motor dysfunction is significantly correlated with the severity of core symptoms in children with ASD.It is recommended to incorporate motor function assessment into the routine screening system for ASD and strengthen motor intervention strategies in multidimensional rehabilitation programs.

关键词

孤独症谱系障碍 / 运动功能 / 核心症状 / 社交沟通 / 刻板行为

Key words

autism spectrum disorder / motor function / core symptoms / social communication / stereotypical behavior

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