室内环境对儿童认知功能发展的影响及其生物学机制

Impact of indoor environment on children's cognitive development and its biological mechanisms

摘要

室内环境对儿童认知功能发展的潜在影响日益受到关注。现有研究提示,室内环境暴露可能通过血脑屏障损伤、神经炎症及氧化应激等通路影响儿童认知功能发展。本文从物理、化学和生物环境3个维度梳理相关证据,对室内环境因素与儿童认知功能发展的研究进展进行综述,并进一步概述其可能的生物学机制。总体而言,尽管相关研究不断增加,但证据仍存在一定局限,未来研究应加强前瞻性队列和干预研究,深入探讨室内环境因素与儿童认知功能之间的关联,为儿童身心健康发展提供实证支持。

Abstract

The potential impact of the indoor environment on children's cognitive development has attracted increasing attention. Existing studies suggest that indoor environmental exposures may affect the development of children's cognitive function through mechanisms such as blood-brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.This review summarizes recent research on the relationship between indoor environmental factors and children's cognitive development from the perspectives of physical, chemical, and biological environments, and further discusses the possible underlying biological mechanisms. Overall, although the number of related studies has increased, the existing evidence remains limited. Future research should strengthen prospective cohort studies and intervention studies to clarify the association between indoor environmental factors and children's cognitive function, thereby providing evidence to support children's healthy development.

关键词

室内环境 / 认知功能 / 生物学机制 / 儿童

Key words

indoor environment / cognitive function / biological mechanisms / children

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(82273652);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2024AH050859);安徽医学高等专科学校高层次人才科研启动基金项目(2024RC004)