睡眠质量在小学低年级儿童家庭环境质量与数学能力间的中介作用

Mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between home environment quality and mathematical ability among early elementary school children

摘要

目的 探讨睡眠质量在家庭环境质量与小学龄一年级儿童数学能力关联中的中介作用,为制定学龄儿童数学能力干预策略提供实证证据。方法 采用方便取样法,于2024年4月在广西壮族自治区某所公立小学中共选取163名一年级儿童为研究对象且对其进行为期6个月的追踪,父母在T1时间点(基线)填写家庭亲密度与适应性量表以及儿童睡眠习惯问卷,儿童在T2时间点(6个月后)完成中国小学生数学基本能力测试量表。采用SPSS 29.0进行描述性分析和Pearson相关分析,使用Mplus 8.3构建结构方程模型检验中介效应。结果 T1家庭环境质量、T1睡眠质量和T2数学能力之间存在显著相关性(r=-0.371~0.303, P<0.001),中介效应分析显示,T1家庭环境质量对T2数学能力的直接效应显著(β=0.315, 95%CI: 0.121~0.501, P=0.001),T1睡眠质量在其中起部分中介作用,其中介效应为0.080,占总效应的比例为20.25%。结论 家庭环境质量不仅与儿童未来的数学能力直接相关,还可通过改善儿童睡眠质量间接促进其数学能力的发展。

Abstract

Objective To examine the mediating role of sleep quality in the association between home environment quality and mathematical ability among first-grade elementary school children, in order to provide empirical evidence for interventions designed to enhance mathematical skills in this population. Methods Using convenience sampling, 163 first-grade children were recruited from a public elementary school in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in April 2024 and followed up for six months.At T1 (baseline), parents completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES II-CV) and the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ).At T2 (six months later), children's mathematical ability was assessed using the Chinese Rating Scale of Pupil's Mathematics Abilities.Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS 29.0, and mediation effects were tested by structural equation modeling in Mplus 8.3. Results Significant correlations were observed among T1 home environment quality, T1 sleep quality, and T2 mathematical ability (r=-0.371 - 0.303, P<0.001).Mediation analysis revealed that the direct effect of T1 home environment quality on T2 mathematical ability was significant (β=0.315, 95%CI: 0.121 - 0.501, P=0.001).Sleep quality at T1 partially mediated this relationship, with an indirect effect of 0.080, accounting for 20.25% of the total effect. Conclusion Home environment quality not only directly affects the mathematical ability of primary school children in lower grades but also indirectly promotes their mathematical ability through the improvement of children's sleep quality.

关键词

家庭环境质量 / 数学能力 / 睡眠质量 / 小学生

Key words

home environment quality / mathematical ability / sleep quality / elementary school children

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基金资助

广东省哲学社会科学规划一般项目(GD24CJY26);广东省教育科学规划课题(2023JKDY037);深圳市教育科学规划课题(zdzb22012);广西教育科学“十四五”规划教育评价改革专项课题(2022ZJY600);甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目(2025YB062)