广东省儿童青少年娱乐性屏幕时间与情绪行为问题的关联

Association between recreational screen time and emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents in Guangdong Province

摘要

目的 了解广东省部分地区儿童青少年娱乐性屏幕时间以及情绪行为问题现状,探讨娱乐性屏幕时间与情绪行为问题的关联,为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法 2023年11月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法在广东省选取三个地级市,涵盖小学四至六年级、初中和高中各年级的5 421名儿童青少年为研究对象,采用自编人口学问卷、健康相关行为风险因素问卷及长处与困难问卷(SDQ)进行调查。采用χ²检验比较组间差异,使用多因素二分类logistic回归分析儿童青少年屏幕时间与不同维度情绪行为问题的关联。结果 有30.62%的儿童青少年每日娱乐屏幕时间>2h。调整混杂因素后,相较于每天屏幕时间≤2h的儿童青少年,屏幕时间＞4h的儿童青少年在情绪和行为问题各维度边缘异常的检出率均更高,情绪症状(OR=1.75)、品行问题(OR=1.68)、多动(OR=1.58)、同伴问题(OR=1.92)、亲社会行为(OR=1.24)以及困难总分(OR=1.72)差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),呈现明显的剂量反应关系(趋势P值<0.05)。结论 广东省儿童青少年屏幕时间与情绪行为问题相关,较长的娱乐性屏幕时间伴随多维度情绪行为问题风险的增加。学校和家长应制定科学合理的屏幕管理策略,加强对儿童青少年的情绪管理和行为指导。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the current status of recreational screen time and emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents in selected areas of Guangdong Province, and to examine the their associations, so as to provide evidence for making related interventions. Methods In November 2023, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 5 421 students from grades 4 to 6 of primary school, junior high school, and senior high school in three prefecture-level cities of Guangdong Province. Data were collected using a self-designed demographic questionnaire, a health-related behavioral risk factor questionnaire, and the student version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Chi-square tests were used to compare group differences. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between screen time and emotional and behavioral problems in different dimensions among children and adolescents. Results Among the 5 421 participants, 30.62% reported recreational screen time of >2h/d. After adjusting for confounding factors, compared with recreational screen time ≤2 hours, participants with recreational screen time of >4h/d had higher risks of borderline/abnormal emotional symptoms (OR=1.75, 95%CI: 1.44 - 2.12), conduct problems (OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.29 - 2.19), hyperactivity/inattention (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.27 - 1.96), peer problems (OR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.53 - 2.41), prosocial behavior difficulties (OR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.05 - 1.46), and total difficulties (OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.42 - 2.10) (P<0.05). Furthermore, significant dose-response relationships were observed between prolonged screen time and these psychological outcomes(P_{for trend}＜0.05). Conclusion Longer screen time is significantly associated with higher risks of multidimensional emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents. Collaborative efforts by schools and parents are needed to implement appropriate screen management strategies and provide targeted emotional and behavioral guidance.

关键词

儿童 / 青少年 / 娱乐性屏幕时间 / 情绪和行为问题 / 长处与困难问卷

Key words

children / adolescents / recreational screen time / emotional and behavioral problems / Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire

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基金资助

广东省青少年研究共建课题(2025GJ065)