身体活动水平与6~9岁儿童骨矿含量及骨密度的关联

Association of physical activity levels with bone mineral content and bone mineral density among children aged 6-9 years

摘要

目的 探讨身体活动水平与6~9岁儿童全身骨矿含量(BMC)和骨密度(BMD)的关联。方法 采用横断面研究设计,纳入广州市452名6~9岁儿童。采用双能X线吸收法测量全身BMC和BMD;通过监护人协助完成连续3 d的24 h身体活动记录,计算日总活动能量消耗(MET·h/d)及不同强度身体活动时间。采用限制性立方样条和协方差分析评估身体活动与BMC、BMD的关联,并校正年龄、性别、体质量指数、膳食摄入及家庭社会经济因素等潜在混杂因素。结果 研究对象平均年龄为(8.01±0.93)岁。校正潜在混杂因素后,日总活动能量消耗和高强度身体活动时间均与全身BMC、BMD呈正向关联趋势(P_趋势＜0.01)。与最低三分位组(T1)相比,日总活动能量消耗最高三分位组(T3)的全身BMC和BMD分别高3.39%和2.20%(P<0.05);高强度身体活动时间T3组的全身BMC和BMD分别高3.33%和1.94%(P<0.05)。结论 较高的日总活动能量消耗,尤其是高强度身体活动时间与6~9岁儿童全身BMC和BMD呈正向关联。

Abstract

Objective To examine the associations of physical activity levels with total-body bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) among children aged 6-9 years. Methods This cross-sectional study included 452 children aged 6-9 years from Guangzhou, China. Total-body BMC and BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical activity was estimated from parent-assisted 24-hour activity records completed on three consecutive days and expressed as total daily energy expenditure (MET·h/day) and time spent at different intensity levels. Restricted cubic spline models and analysis of covariance were used to evaluate the associations after adjustment for potential confounders. Results The mean age was (8.01±0.93) years. Higher total daily energy expenditure and longer time spent in vigorous physical activity were positively associated with total-body BMC and BMD (P_{for trend}<0.01). Compared with the lowest tertile (T1), the highest tertile (T3) of total daily energy expenditure had 3.39% higher BMC and 2.20% higher BMD (P＜0.05); the corresponding differences for vigorous physical activity were 3.33% and 1.94% (P＜0.05), respectively. Conclusion Higher total daily energy expenditure and more time spent in vigorous physical activity are associated with higher total-body BMC and BMD among children aged 6-9 years.

关键词

骨密度 / 骨矿含量 / 身体活动 / 儿童

Key words

bone mineral density / bone mineral content / physical activity / children

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(82103855)