CHENG Jing, et al. Spatial and temporal evolution pattern of water conservation function of Ningxia Province and its attribution analysis[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,39(2):191-199.
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Spatial and Temporal Evolution Pattern of Water Conservation Function of Ningxia Province and Its Attribution Analysis
1.School of Geography and Planning,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
2.College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
3.College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
4.The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
5.Productivity Promotion Center of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750001,China
Objective To assess the water conservation capacity of the upper Yellow River region, and to provide a scientific basis for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin. Methods Taking Ningxia Province as a case area, the spatial and temporal evolution trend of the water conservation capacity of Ningxia Province from 1990 to 2020 was calculated based on the InVEST model, the Hurst index and the geodetector model, and its key influencing factors were identified. Results The land use pattern of Ningxia Province changed significantly, except for the unused land, all other land use types showed different degrees of increasing trends. The water conservation volume of Ningxia showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2020, with an increase of about 0.009 mm/a. The spatial distribution pattern of the water conservation capacity showed a trend of “low in the north and high in the south”, and had a significant spatial clustering characteristic. The change of water conservation function in Ningxia was not sustainable, and would face the risk of degradation in the future. Precipitation was the main factor affecting the water conservation capacity of Ningxia, followed by elevation and slope, while vegetation cover and evapotranspiration had the lowest degree of influence. Conclusion The water conservation function and its sustainability of Ningxia Province recovered during the study period, but further enhancement of water conservation capacity is still needed to cope with future risk of degradation. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for the construction of a pioneer area for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.
CHENG Jing, et al. Spatial and temporal evolution pattern of water conservation function of Ningxia Province and its attribution analysis[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,39(2):191-199.
CHENG Jing, et al. Spatial and temporal evolution pattern of water conservation function of Ningxia Province and its attribution analysis[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,39(2):191-199.
水资源是维持自然生态系统和社会经济系统运行的重要载体,对全球生物化学循环、物质交换及经济贸易的流动过程至关重要[1],也是联合国可持续发展目标(sustainable development goals, SDGs)中的第六个目标,旨在确保“水和卫生设施的可持续管理”,对粮食安全、居民生计和生态安全意义重大[2]。自地球进入“人类世”新纪元以来,人类活动强度不断加剧,出现区域水资源短缺、水环境恶化、水资源时空分布不均、水土资源不匹配等问题,严重影响生态系统健康,制约社会经济可持续发展[3-4]。水源涵养是指一定时空范围内生态系统持留水分的能力,具有拦蓄洪水、削减洪峰、调节径流和净化水质等功能[5-6]。作为评估生态系统服务的核心内容,水源涵养对区域气候、土壤、水文和植被状况产生直接影响,在维持生态系统健康和稳定方面发挥着重要作用[6]。因此,探明区域水源涵养服务的时空演变规律及其驱动因素对提高水资源供给能力、维持生态系统稳定及实现区域生态安全与高质量发展具有重要意义[6-7]。
本文所使用的降水和潜在蒸散发数据来源于国家地球系统科学数据中心(https://www.geodata.cn/main/)。海拔数据来源于地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/),并通过ArcGIS软件中的空间分析工具计算得到坡度。土地覆被数据来源于YANG等[21]提供的遥感分类产品;归一化植被差异指数SPOT NDVI产品及矢量边界数据均来源于中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心(https://www.resdc.cn/)。土壤数据HWSD(Harmonized World Soil Database v 1.2)下载于联合国粮农组织FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationshttps://www.fao.org/soils-portal/soil-survey/soil-maps-and-databases/harmonized-world-soil-database-v12/en/)。干旱度指数由降水除以潜在蒸散发计算得到,指数在<0.2和0.2~0.5时分别为干旱和半干旱气候区域[22]。为方便统计与计算,将所有数据统一分辨率为1 000 m。
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