1.Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
2.Chongqing Jinyun Forest Eco-System Research Station,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 10083,China
ZHANG Di, ZHANG Huilan
LI Feng, et al. Effect of stem lodging angle on the hydrodynamics of thin overland flow on a slope based on PIV[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025, 39(3):335-344,351.
Objective Slope vegetation is susceptible to different degrees of collapse under the action of external forces such as water flushing and wind. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of vegetation collapse angle on the dynamic characteristics of thin-layer flow and erosion and scouring process on slopes. Methods Acrylic cylinders were used to simulate the stems of the plants, and an indoor flume scouring test was carried out to set up six groups of collapse angles (45°, 75°, 90°, 105°, 135°, 150°) and three sets of flow conditions (0.23, 0.52, 0.76 L/s), and a high-frequency Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system was used to capture and map the flow field, so as to analyze the effects of different stem lodging angles on the characteristics of the flow field, turbulence characteristics and vortex structural features. Results 1) The presence of stalks caused the flow velocity at the symmetry plane of the upstream of the stems to change, forming negative flow zones along the upstream of the bed and downstream of the stalks in the near-bed region (x/D=-0.1 to x/D=-0.4, y/D=0 to y/D=0.4), and both forward and backward tilting of the stems weakened the negative flow of the water. 2) The turbulence intensity of the vertical flow increased and then decreased with increasing water depth, and the locations where the maximum turbulence intensity occurred were all located near y/D=0.2, indicating that the vortex microstructure played a strong role in this region. 3) The presence of stems led to the generation of Horseshoe Vortex (HV) structures at the upstream symmetry plane. Due to the weakening effect of the forward and backward tilting of the stems on the descending flow, the HV system became obvious with the increase of the tilting angle, the vortex volume increased and gradually approached to the column, and the strength of the HV system decreased with the continued tilting of the column after it reaches 90°. The change pattern of the vortex volume with the column tilting angle of HV1 showed a parabolic pattern of increasing first and then decreasing. The maximum value of vortex was 90° > 105° > 75° > 135° > 45° > 150°. Conclusion The synthesis shows that, in the early stage of slope current development, tilting the plant stems can weaken the reverse flow of water at the bottom of the stems to a certain extent, inhibit the generation of downward flow, weaken the structure of horseshoe vortex, and then reduce the erosion of the bed by thin-layer flow, and the greater the degree of tilting of the stems, the better the inhibition effect on soil erosion.
LI Feng, et al. Effect of stem lodging angle on the hydrodynamics of thin overland flow on a slope based on PIV[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025, 39(3):335-344,351.
"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=
LI Feng, et al. Effect of stem lodging angle on the hydrodynamics of thin overland flow on a slope based on PIV[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025, 39(3):335-344,351.
CAIZ K, WANGJ, CHENY C, et al. The impact of flexible vegetation lodging on the hydraulic characteristics of surface runoff and erosion[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,38(3):19-28.
LIUW J, ZHANGH L, WANGY J, et al. Effect of simulate vegetation coverage and surface roughness on hydrodynamics of overland flows[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(6):1-7.
JIANGC B, HOUD, HUIE Q. Impact of channel vegetations on river flow[J].Water Power,2009,35(7):11-13.
[9]
杨坪坪.坡面薄层流水动力学特性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2019.
[10]
YANGP P. Study on hydrodynamic properties of overland flow[D].Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2019.
[11]
BAKERC J. The turbulent horseshoe vortex[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1980,6(1):9-23.
[12]
DARGAHIB. The turbulent flow field around a circular cylinder[J].Experiments in Fluids,1989,8(1):1-12.
[13]
MASSAROD, PEPLINSKIA, SCHLATTERP. Coherent structures in the turbulent stepped cylinder flow at ReD =5 000[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2023,102:e109144.
[14]
KITSIKOUDISV, KIRCAV, YAGCIO, et al. Clear-water scour and flow field alteration around an inclined pile[J].Coastal Engineering,2017,129:59-73.
[15]
MISURIYAG, ELDHOT I, MAZUMDERB S. Turbulent flow field around a cylindrical pier on a gravel bed[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2023,149(10):e04023040.
[16]
FARAZI MAJDS, YAGCIO, KIRCAV S O, et al. Flow and turbulence around an inclined pile[Z]. The 26th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference,2016: ISOPE-I-16-556.
[17]
YANGP P, ZHANGH L, WANGY Q, et al. Hydrodynamic characteristics in a sheet flow upstream water flow of a circular cylinder[J].Physics of Fluids,2019,31(12):e127106.
YANGP P, ZHANGH L, WANGY Q, et al. Characteristics of horseshoe vortex upstream of the cylinder in shallow water with low cylinder Reynolds number[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2019,51(1):52-59.
[20]
KARIMIN, HEIDARNEJADM, MASJEDIA. Scour depth at inclined bridge piers along a straight path: A laboratory study[J].Engineering Science and Technology,2017,20(4):1302-1307.
WANGX G, CHENGY Z, LUOW, et al. Experimental study of local scour and flow field alteration around an inclined pile in steady currents[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2022,52(3):131-138.
CHENGY Z, CHENGH Y, WANGX G, et al. Experimental study on local scour characteristics around an upstream inclined pile under combined wave and current action[J].Advances in Water Science,2022,33(2):306-315.
[25]
YANGP P, ZHANGH L, WANGY Q, et al. Overland flow velocities measured using a high-resolution particle image velocimetry system[J].Journal of Hydrology,2020,e125225.
[26]
陈启刚,钟强.明渠紊流中涡结构的运动规律[J].水科学进展,2017,28(4):579-587.
[27]
CHENQ G, ZHONGQ. Experimental study on the movement of vorticesin turbulent open-channel flows[J].Advances in Water Science,2017,28(4):579-587.
[28]
陈启刚.基于高频PIV的明渠湍流涡结构研究[D].北京:清华大学,2014.
[29]
CHENQ G. High-frequency measurement of vortices in open channel flow with particle image velocimetry[D].Beijing: Tsinghua University,2014.
[30]
ZHOUJ, ADRIANR J, BALACHANDARS, et al. Mechanisms for generating coherent packets of hairpin vortices in channel flow[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1999,387(1):353-396.
CHENY J, ZHAOL J, WANGY, et al. A study on the differences of turbulent flow properties along the open channel with submerged rigid vegetation[J].Advances in Water Science,2024,35(2):256-264.
GUI J, WANG P, Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Water Flow with Complex Flexible Vegetation[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics series A,2023,38(6):974-986.
CHENQ G, LID X, ZHONGQ, et al. Analysis of vortex structure in open channel turbulence based on model matching[J]. Advances in Water Science,2013,24(1):95-102.
[39]
CHENQ G, YANGZ L, WUH J. Evolution of turbulent horseshoe vortex system in front of a vertical circular cylinder in open channel[J].Water,2019,11(10):e2079.
[40]
GUAND W, CHIEWY M, WEIM X, et al. Characterization of horseshoe vortex in a developing scour hole at a cylindrical bridge pier[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2019,34(2):118-124.
WANGH, CHENM, PENGG P, et al. Experiment of local scour characteristics of flow around bridge piers with different inclination angles based on SFM[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2021,53(6):155-164.
JIM Y, CHENGN S, LIQ J. Experimental study of velocity distribution and turbulence characteristics of overland flows[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics series A,2023,38(4):655-661.