Objective Under the "dual carbon" goals, exploring the spatio-temporal variations of land use carbon intensity and ecosystem services, as well as their spatio-temporal interactive correlations, can provide decision-making references for carbon emission reduction and high-quality coordinated development of ecology and economy in the region. Methods Taking the Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone as the study area, this study analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of "Land-Demographic-Economic" carbon intensity and ecosystem services at the county scale from 2000 to 2020. The decoupling index was used to calculate the interactive relationship between carbon intensity and ecosystem services, and the "3D magic cube" model was applied to comprehensively evaluate the interactive zoning of carbon intensity and ecosystem services across different dimensions. Results 1) From 2000 to 2020, the "Land-Demographic" carbon intensity in the Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone generally exhibited a continuous upward trend, while the "Economic" carbon intensity showed a declining trend. In addition, various ecosystem services also experienced varying degrees of decline. 2) There was a spatio-temporal interaction between carbon intensity and ecosystem services. The "Land" carbon intensity and ecosystem services shifted from decoupling to negative decoupling, while the "Demographic-Economic" carbon intensity and ecosystem services returned to an ideal decoupling state after undergoing negative decoupling. 3) At present, the largest proportion (47.4%) of interactive zones fell under the one-dimensional non-ideal category for "Land" carbon intensity, mainly concentrated in Nanchang and Jiujiang cities. The proportions of three-dimensional and two-dimensional ideal interactive zones increased slightly, accounting for 15.8% and 2.6% respectively, with recessive decoupling being the dominant ideal interactive relationship. Conclusion The findings reveal the spatio-temporal interactions between carbon intensity and ecosystem services in the Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone, clarify key issues in the coordinated development of economy and ecology, and provide a scientific foundation for the formulation of regional economic development and ecological conservation policies.
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