1.State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China
2.Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China
3.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management,Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China
4.Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Fuyuan,Heilongjiang 156500,China
Objective This study aims to investigate the variation patterns of organic carbon storage in the plant-soil system following flooding restoration of degraded soda saline-alkali wetlands. Methods Typical long-term degraded marsh wetlands (alkali patches, Leymus chinensis grasslands) and Phragmites australis marshlands restored by flooding in the western Songnen Plain were selected as study sites. The aboveground and belowground vegetation biomass and physicochemical properties of the 1-meter soil profiles were measured to analyze the variation patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) content and storage, along with their influencing factors, during the restoration of degraded saline-alkali wetlands. Results After restoration, the vegetation biomass and carbon pool of Phragmites australis marshlands reached 7 807.78 g/m2 and 1.90 kg/m2, showing increases of 383.15% and 216.67%, respectively, compared with Leymus chinensis grasslands. The vegetation biomass and carbon pool of alkali patches were both zero. Flooding restoration promoted increases in both vegetation biomass and carbon storage. The SOC storage in the 1-meter soil profile of restored Phragmites australis marshlands reached 17.38 kg/m2, exceeding that of alkali patches and Leymus chinensis grasslands by 64.12% and 4.45%, respectively, with deeper layers exhibiting higher SOC than surface soils. Flooding restoration increased the SOC storage. SOC content and storage were significantly positively correlated with soil moisture (p<0.05), and negatively correlated with total nitrogen, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity, and the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (p<0.05). Significant differences in soil physicochemical properties were observed among alkali patches, Leymus chinensis grasslands, and Phragmites australis marshlands (p<0.05), and improvements in the soil environment during restoration facilitated SOC accumulation. Conclusion Flooding restoration of degraded soda saline-alkaline wetlands help enhance carbon sink capacity of the plant-soil system.
WANGM M. Effects of restoration and utilization of saline-alkali wetlands in western Songnen Plain on CO2 and CH4 emission fluxes[D].Changchun: Jilin Agricultural University,2023.
YAOW J. Soil carbon pool stability and organic carbon composition affected by restoration and utilization of degraded soda saline-alkali wetland in the western Songnen Plain[D].Changchun: Jilin Agricultural University,2023.
SHAOP S, WANGM Q, ZHAOL Y. Changes in photosynthetic characteristics of phragmites australis during wetland degradation and restoration in the Yellow River Delta[J].Journal of Binzhou University,2023,39(2):68-73.
YANGY L. Accumulation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and their changes characteristics under degradation and restoration progress in the soda saline-alkali reed wetlands[D].Beijing: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,2020.
[15]
YANGY L, MOUX J, WENB L, et al. Soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and stoichiometries across a chronosequence of restored inland soda saline-alkali wetlands, western Songnen Plain, northeast China[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2020,30(5):934-946.
[16]
鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:30-35.
[17]
BAOS D. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M].3rd Edition. Beijing: China Agriculture Press,2000:30-35.
[18]
王春光.退耕对三江平原沼泽土壤有机碳恢复的影响机制研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2022.
[19]
WANGC G. Mechanism of soil organic carbon restoration after reclaimed marshes abandonment in Sanjiang Plain[D].Harbin: Northeast Forestry University,2022.
[20]
FENNERN, FREEMANC. Drought-induced carbon loss in peatlands[J].Nature Geoscience,2011,4:895-900.
[21]
LIY, WUH D, WANGJ Z, et al. Plant biomass and soil organic carbon are main factors influencing dry-season ecosystem carbon rates in the coastal zone of the Yellow River Delta[J].PLoS One,2019,14(1):e0210768.
[22]
WANGX, TANGC, BALDOCKJ A, et al. Long-term effect of lime application on the chemical composition of soil organic carbon in acid soils varying in texture and liming history[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2016,52(3):295-306.
DONGH F, YUJ B, SUNZ G, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics of organic carbon in the soil-plant systems in the Yellow River estuary tidal flat wetland[J].Environmental Science,2010,31(6):1594-1599.
CHANGS, YUH B, CAOC M, et al. Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in Xilin Gol steppe and its influencing factors[J].Arid Zone Research,2021,38(5):1355-1366.
LIS Q, GUAND X, LIX Y, et al. Responses of soil organic carbon and available phosphorus to salinity in Tianjin coastal wetland and its influencing factors[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,43(5):1381-1389.
[29]
MORRISSEYE M, GILLESPIEJ L, MORINAJ C, et al. Salinity affects microbial activity and soil organic matter content in tidal wetlands[J].Global Change Biology,2014,20(4):1351-1362.
[30]
THURMANE M. Organic geochemistry of natural waters[M].Berlin: Springer Science and Business Media,2012.
[31]
PIVNIČKOVÁB, REJMÁNKOVÁE, SNYDERJ M, et al. Heterotrophic microbial activities and nutritional status of microbial communities in tropical marsh sediments of different salinities: The effects of phosphorus addition and plant species[J].Plant and Soil,2010,336(1):49-63.
[32]
RATHK M, MAHESHWARIA, BENGTSONP, et al. Comparative toxicities of salts on microbial processes in soil[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2016,82(7):2012-2020.
ZHANGR Y, YUAND, QINS P, et al. Effects of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry on the priming of soil carbon mineralization[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2023,31(8):1311-1321.
WANGY X, WANGK, QUL P, et al. Process and mechanism of saline-alkall soil carbon uptake potential in the Songnen Plain of China[J].Chinese Journal of Argricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2024,45(1):129-138.
[37]
FENGX M, FUB J, PIAOS L, et al. Revegetation in China′s Loess Plateau is approaching sustainable water resource limits[J].Nature Climate Change,2016,6:1019-1022.
[38]
HAND D, DENGJ C, GUC J, et al. Effect of shrub-grass vegetation coverage and slope gradient on runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2021,36(1):29-37.
ZHANGY H, LIUC, FUZ Y, et al. Research progress of hydrological process and soil organic carbon migration in slope field[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2023,54(3):730-738.
HEH Y, LIUW, CHANGZ Q, et al. Effects of revegetation on soil organic carbon composition and stability in the southern edge of the Tengger Desert[J].Journal of Desert Research,2024,44(6):307-317.
[43]
刘贵祥.滨海芦苇湿地碳储量及刈割活动对其影响[D].辽宁 大连:大连海洋大学,2024.
[44]
LIUG X. Carbon storage and impact of cutting activities on coastal reed wetlands[D].Dalian, Liaoning: Dalian Ocean University,2024.
PENGF C, TANGA M, BIANH L, et al. Influences of different water level gradients and vegetation types on soil organic carbon storage in the Dongting Lake wetland[J].Wetland Science,2023,21(6):868-875.