Objective To explore the imbalance in the supply and demand of ecosystem services in Anhui Province and provide a reliable basis for regional ecological security pattern construction under the dual drive of global climate change and the intensifying socio-economic activities. Methods Anhui Province was selected as the study area. By integrating the InVEST model with the hotspot analysis method, the supply and demand of four key ecosystem services, i.e., water yield, habitat quality, carbon storage, and soil conservation, in Anhui Province from 2003 to 2023 were systematically evaluated, along with the distribution patterns of comprehensive cold and hot spots. Circuit theory was employed to construct the ecological supply and demand pattern. Results 1) From 2003 to 2023, water yield initially decreased and then increased, with a spatial distribution pattern of more yield in the south and less yield in the north. The carbon storage showed a continuous decreasing trend. The habitat quality was higher in the south but lower in the north, showing an annual decline. Soil conservation initially decreased and then increased, with an overall upward trend. 2) From 2003 to 2023, the demand for water yield, carbon sequestration, and habitat services generally showed an upward trend. The demand for soil conservation services (soil erosion control) in Anhui Province demonstrated a significant downward trend overall. 3) The comprehensive supply hotspots of ecosystem services in Anhui Province showed a pattern of high in the south and southwest and low in the north. The comprehensive demand hotspots exhibited a pattern of being high in the northwest and lower in the southeast. The comprehensive supply and demand ratio was higher in the south and lower in the north. 4) The ecological supply and demand network in Anhui Province was constructed, identifying 40 supply sources and 36 demand sources, as well as 93 supply corridors and 96 demand corridors. Conclusion From the perspective of supply and demand relationship, a multi-objective coordinated ecological supply and demand network is constructed. An ecological supply and demand pattern is formed by building an ecological security barrier in the south and establishing corridors that connect the north, integrated with rivers and basins. This pattern maintains the balance between ecological supply and demand and ensures the normal functioning of the ecological network, providing a scientific basis for the optimal allocation of regional resources and sustainable ecosystem management. These findings help establish a decision-support system with both theoretical value and practical guidance significance.
生态源地作为生态系统服务的重要提供者及生态过程的关键贡献者,是构建生态安全格局不可或缺的基石[22]。研究基于生境质量、产水量、土壤保持量及碳储量等多个数据指标,通过结合MSPA(多尺度斑块分析)、面积及生态系统服务重要性评估来识别生态供给及生态需求源地[23]。具体而言,将生境质量、产水量、土壤保持量及碳储量等进行归一化处理并借助加权求和,得出安徽省综合生态系统服务供需量,使用GuidosToolbox软件进行MSPA分析,得出其空间形态特征,并根据核心斑块数量及面积占比,选择并提取出面积>5 km2的核心区域;在此基础上,使用Conefor2.6软件和Conefor for ArcGIS 10.X插件计算dPC(连接重要性指数)值,以定量衡量核心区斑块的景观连通性情况,dPC值较高的区域表明生态连通度较好,能够为物种提供较好的物质与能量的交换。最终,分别选择dPC值>0.5的斑块作为生态供给及需求源地。
XIAOY, XIEG D, LUC X, et al. Involvement of ecosystem service flows in human wellbeing based on the relationship between supply and demand[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(10):3096-3102.
[3]
COSTANZAR, D´ARGER, DE GROOTR, et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Ecological Economics,1998,25(1):3-15.
[4]
DAILYG C. Nature´s services: Societal dependence on natural ecosystems (1997)[M]//The Future of Nature: Yale University Press,2017:454-464.
[5]
REESW E. Revisiting carrying capacity: Area-based indicators of sustainability[J].Population and Environment,1996,17(3):195-215.
[6]
LARONDELLEN, LAUFS. Balancing demand and supply of multiple urban ecosystem services on different spatial scales[J].Ecosystem Services,2016,22:18-31.
YANY, ZHUJ Y, WUG, et al. Review and prospective applications of demand, supply, and consumption of ecosystem services[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(8):2489-2496.
CHENJ C, HES Y, XUEJ, et al. Exploring ecosystem service trade-offs and their response to landscape configuration at multi-scales: A case study of Hubei Province[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2023,43(12):4835-4846.
DENGC X, LIUJ Y, LIZ W, et al. Review and analysis of ecosystem services research between domestic and foreign in recent 20 years[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2019,28(10):2119-2128.
SHOUF Y, LIZ F, HUANGL, et al. Spatial differentiation and ecological patterns of urban agglomeration based on evaluations of supply and demand of ecosystem services: A case study on the Yangtze River delta[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2020,40(9):2813-2826.
GUK K, YANGQ Q, CHENGF, et al. Spatial differentiation of Anhui Province based on the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(7):577-583.
PENGJ, YANGY, XIEP, et al. Zoning for the construction of green space ecological networks in Guangdong Province based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(13):4562-4572.
[19]
LIJ S, SUNW, LIM Y, et al. Coupling coordination degree of production, living and ecological spaces and its influencing factors in the Yellow River basin[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2021,298:e126803.
[20]
BUTLERE P, BLISS-KETCHUML L, DE RIVERAC E, et al. Habitat, geophysical, and eco-social connectivity: Benefits of resilient socio-ecological landscapes[J].Landscape Ecology,2022,37(1):1-29.
[21]
JIANGH, PENGJ, DONGJ Q, et al. Linking ecological background and demand to identify ecological security patterns across the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in China[J].Landscape Ecology,2021,36(7):2135-2150.
[22]
FIELDR D, PARROTTL. Multi-ecosystem services networks: A new perspective for assessing landscape connectivity and resilience[J].Ecological Complexity,2017,32:31-41.
[23]
SHENJ K, WANGY C. Allocating and mapping ecosystem service demands with spatial flow from built-up areas to natural spaces[J].Science of the Total Environment,2021,798:e149330.
[24]
WANGL J, ZHENGH, CHENY Z, et al. Systematic review of ecosystem services flow measurement: Main concepts, methods, applications and future directions[J].Ecosystem Services,2022,58:e101479.
[25]
TALLISH T, RICKETTST, NELSONE, et al. InVEST2.5.4 User´s Guide [M]. Stanford: The Natural Capital Project,2013:82-113.
[26]
蒋林坪.基于生态的北京长城文化带小流域特征识别和分类研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学,2023.
[27]
JIANGL P. Characteristics identification and classification of small watershed in Beijing great wall cultural belt based on ecology[D].Beijing: Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,2023.
ZHAOX Y, MAP Y, LIW Q, et al. Spatiotemporal changes of supply and demand relationships of ecosystem services in the Loess Plateau[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2021,76(11):2780-2796.
WANGZ Z, ZHANGL W, LIX P, et al. The spatial-temporal pattern of hotspots and coldspots of ecosystem services at the watershed scale[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2019,39(3):823-834.
[32]
FUY J, SHIX Y, HEJ, et al. Identification and optimization strategy of county ecological security pattern: A case study in the Loess Plateau, China[J].Ecological Indicators,2020,112:e106030.
[33]
ZHANGZ, WANGQ, FENGY G, et al. The spatio-temporal evolution of spatial structure and supply-demand relationships of the ecological network in the Yellow River delta region of China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2024,471:e143388.
YANGK, CAOY G, FENGZ, et al. Research progress of ecological security pattern construction based on minimum cumulative resistance model[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2021,37(5):555-565.
[36]
陈梦圆.基于MCR模型的环杭州湾生态安全格局研究[D].浙江 舟山:浙江海洋大学,2023.
[37]
CHENM Y. Study on ecological security pattern around the Hangzhou Bay based on MCR model[D].Zhoushan, Zhejiang: Zhejiang Ocean University,2023.
[38]
HUANGK X, PENGL, WANGX H, et al. Incorporating circuit theory, complex networks, and carbon offsets into the multi-objective optimization of ecological networks: A case study on karst regions in China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2023,383:e135512.
WEIJ X, ZHANGY Z, LIANZ X, et al. Research on regional ecological security pattern construction based on ecological supply and demand space: A case study of southern Jiangsu urban agglomeration[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2022,31(2):387-397.
JINGY C, CHENL D, SUNR H. A theoretical research framework for ecological security pattern construction based on ecosystem services supply and demand[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(12):4121-4131.
ZHAOY H, LUOY H, YIT Y, et al. Constructing an ecological security pattern in Shenzhen, China, by matching the supply and demand of ecosystem services[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2022,33(9):2475-2484.
HUQ Y, CHENS L. Optimizing the ecological networks based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services in Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou region[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2021,36(2):342-355.
WANGZ W, WANGH W, YANGS T, et al. Identification and optimization strategy of ecological security pattern of Oasis in Xinjiang based on ecosystem service function: Taking Baicheng County as an example[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2022,42(1):91-104.