Objective To investigate the effect of wheat husk addition on water-salt transport and soil structural-functional stability in saline tidal flat soil during dry-wet cycles. Methods Taking saline soil samples collected from the coastal tidal flats in Jiangsu Province as the research object, soil column experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of four wheat husk addition rates (H0, 0 g/kg; H1, 10 g/kg; H2, 15 g/kg; H3, 20 g/kg), three soil backfilling compaction degrees (B1, 1.30 g/cm³; B2, 1.35 g/cm³; B3, 1.40 g/cm³), and two dry-wet cycle times (C2, two cycles; C4, four cycles) on indicators such as water evaporation rate, salt mass fraction, soil mechanical composition, and drying shrinkage. Results 1) During the evaporation phase, cumulative soil evaporation showed a significant positive correlation with wheat husk addition rate. H1-H3 treatments increased evaporation by an average of 22.1% compared to H0. Wheat husk addition inhibited salt accumulation in the soil surface layer (0-5 cm), and the inhibitory effect on salt accumulation enhanced with the increasing number of dry-wet cycles. During the wetting phase, salt leaching amount decreased with the increasing number of irrigation cycles but increased with higher wheat husk addition. The average salt leaching in H1-H3 treatments increased by 6.2% compared to H0. 2) Soil drying shrinkage decreased with increasing wheat husk addition, with H3 being 39.9% and 23.7% lower than H1 and H2, respectively, while such effect weakened with higher soil compaction degree. The dry bulk density significantly increased with higher compaction degrees. However, under lower compaction treatments (B1 and B2), increasing the number of dry-wet cycles raised soil bulk density. Specifically, the average bulk densities for B1 and B2 under C4 treatment increased by 0.9% and 0.6%, respectively, compared to the C2 treatment. 3) The number of dry-wet cycles significantly affected the proportion of silt and clay particles, leading to higher soil erodibility factor (K), while wheat husk addition showed no significant regulatory effect on the factor. 4) Wheat husks in the 5-10 cm layer tended to migrate upward to the 0-5 cm surface layer after dry-wet cycles, and this vertical uneven distribution significantly affected soil water evaporation and shrinkage. Conclusion The findings provide sustainable technical references and theoretical foundations for improving coastal saline tidal flat soil with high fine-particle content.
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