荒漠绿洲典型天然植被与环境水分关系研究进展
Research Progress on Relationship between Typical Natural Vegetation and Environmental Water in Desert Oases
目的 水分是荒漠绿洲植被稳定存在的基础,荒漠绿洲天然植被是长期适应其水分环境变化的产物,具有稳定的结构组成和自我修复能力,能够有效应对环境变化的影响。 方法 通过整理荒漠绿洲天然植被及其水分环境关系研究的文献资料,从荒漠绿洲天然植被分布格局、适应能力、群落结构特征、土壤水分、地下水位等方面,系统分析天然植被与其水分环境间的关系。 结果 水分条件决定荒漠绿洲天然植被的组成结构和分布格局,天然植被又影响其水环境变化过程。土壤水分条件和地下水埋深决定荒漠绿洲天然植被的演替过程、结构特征和分布格局。荒漠绿洲天然植被对水资源的消耗和再分配过程影响土壤水分循环过程,引起的水环境变化反过来又影响到天然植被的演替和发展,二者间存在明显的互馈作用。 结论 总结了近年来我国荒漠绿洲天然植被与水文过程方面的研究进展,系统梳理荒漠绿洲天然植被与水文过程间的互馈作用,分析荒漠绿洲天然植被稳定性维持的水分调控机制,明确其在维持荒漠绿洲生态系统稳定中的作用,建议根据荒漠绿洲天然植被与水分环境互作关系,指导荒漠绿洲生物防护体系构建及水资源管理;关注全球变化背景下的荒漠绿洲天然植被及其水分环境关系变化的研究,加强从不同尺度下开展荒漠绿洲天然植被与水分关系研究,同时引进新的研究技术和方法,为荒漠绿洲人工防护系统构建和水资源合理利用提供理论支撑。
Objective Water is the foundation for the stable existence of vegetation in desert oases. The natural vegetation in desert oases is the result of long-term adaptation to changes in their water environment. It has a relatively stable structural composition and self-repairing ability, enabling it to effectively cope with the impact of environmental changes. Methods By reviewing the literature on the relationship between natural vegetation and water environment in desert oases, this study systematically analyzes the relationship from aspects such as the distribution patterns, adaptability, community structure characteristics, soil moisture, and groundwater level of natural vegetation in desert oases. Results Moisture conditions determine the compositional structure and spatial distribution patterns of natural vegetation in desert oases, while the natural vegetation, in turn, affects the variation processes of its water environment. Soil moisture conditions and groundwater depth determine the succession process, structural characteristics, and distribution patterns of natural vegetation in desert oases. The consumption and redistribution processes of water resources by natural vegetation affect the soil water cycling process in desert oases. The resulting changes in the water environment, in turn, influence the succession and development of natural vegetation, demonstrating a strong mutual feedback mechanism between the two. Conclusion This study summarizes the research progress on natural vegetation and hydrological processes in desert oases in China in recent years, systematically reviews the mutual feedback between them, analyzes the water regulation mechanisms that maintain the stability of natural vegetation in desert oases, and clarifies its role in sustaining the desert oasis ecosystem. It is recommended to guide the construction of biological protection systems and water resource management in desert oases based on the interaction between the natural vegetation and water environment in desert oases. Future research should focus on the changes in the relationship between the natural vegetation and water environment in desert oases under the background of global change, strengthen the research on the relationship between natural vegetation and water in desert oases at different scales, and introduce advanced research technologies and methods. This will provide theoretical support for the construction of artificial protection systems in desert oases and the rational utilization of water resources.
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国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1304201)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42571117)
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