1.Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering,Cangzhou,Hebei 061001,China
2.Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Coastal Wetland Water Resources Allocation and Ecological Protection,Cangzhou,Hebei 061001,China
3.Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
4.Department of Computer Science,Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering,Cangzhou,Hebei 061001,China
Objective This study aims to investigate the influencing mechanisms of plant root systems on soil preferential flow in the loess hilly-gully region. Methods In-situ double-ring dye tracer experiments combined with root scanning techniques were used to systematically analyze the variations in soil preferential flow under different vegetation restoration types and restoration ages in the loess hilly-gully region, and to elucidate the mechanisms by which plant roots influence preferential flow. Results Vegetation restoration enhanced the development of preferential flow, and this enhancement increased with vegetation restoration age. Compared to cropland, the maximum dye-stained depth increased by 1.3-3.4 times in the vegetation restoration lands (forestland 40 a, forestland 20 a, grassland 40 a, shrubland 40 a, grassland 20 a, and shrubland 20 a). Vegetation restoration significantly increased root length density, root surface area density, root volume density, and root weight density (p<0.01). These root characteristics increased with vegetation restoration age and significantly decreased with increasing soil depth (p<0.01). Root length density, root surface area density, root volume density, and root weight density explained 73.7%, 76.6%, 68.9%, and 80.6% of the variance in preferential flow, respectively, with a combined explanatory power of 58.2%. Roots with a diameter of d>2 mm had the greatest effect on preferential flow, followed by roots with d≤1 mm, and finally roots with 1 mm<d≤2 mm. Conclusion Forestland, shrubland, and grassland promote the development of preferential flow through their developed root morphology, thereby enhancing soil infiltration capacity and effectively mitigating soil erosion. This study provides theoretical support for research on how plant roots influence terrestrial hydrological processes in the Loess Plateau in the new era.
分别利用Adobe Photoshop 2020、Image Pro Plus v6.0和Python3.1.2软件对染色图片进行处理得到优先流参数指标。具体步骤为:首先利用Adobe Photoshop 2020“镜头校正”功能对染色图片进行空间校正,使染色图片与镜头平行无变形。将校正后的染色图片进行校准和移动使其与顶部和侧向参照标尺重合。随后利用“色彩功能”对染色图片进行色彩增强、去噪点等操作。利用“灰度阈值”将染色图片转化为灰度图(TIFF)格式。随后将灰度图导入Image Pro Plus v6.0软件包,利用Bitmap Analysis功能将灰度图输出为仅有“0”和“255”排列组合的excel数据表格,最后利用Python 3.1.2编程获取优先流参数。
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