Objective To establish the relationship between geomorphological development stages and gully characteristics, providing a basis for gully management in the mountainous and hilly area of southeastern Daxing'an Mountains. Methods Regression and correlation analyses were employed to investigate the relationships between the catchment hypsometric integral (HI) and 11 gully morphological parameters, including areal density, linear density, volumetric density, length, and width-depth ratio of the gully bottom. Results 1) The three HI calculation results showed minimal differences. HI exhibited scale dependence and significant spatial heterogeneity. Old-stage (HI<0.35) and mature-stage (HI>0.35) catchments accounted for 61.7% and 38.3% of the total area, corresponding to downstream depositional areas and mid-upper stream erosional areas, respectively. 2) HI exhibited a significant positive correlation with areal density. A significant threshold effect (HI=0.35) was observed for linear and volumetric density: when HI<0.35, both increased markedly with HI; when HI>0.35, linear density decreased while the growth rate of volumetric density slowed down. 3) Overall, HI exhibited a highly significant negative correlation with the width-depth ratio at the gully bottom. In mature-stage catchments, HI showed significant positive correlations with slope classification and longitudinal gradient, but had significant negative correlations with volumetric density, areal density, length, and width-depth ratio. In old-stage catchments, HI showed significant negative correlations with slope classification, longitudinal gradient, and width-depth ratio. Conclusion HI=0.35 serves as the boundary between the old and mature stages in geomorphological classification, acting as a critical threshold for linear density changes and a critical indicator of the transition in gully development modes. From the perspective of geomorphological evolution, HI can provide a reference for gully management in black soil regions.
根据Strahler分级,按等级提取完整子流域,分别计算各级别所有流域的HI并选取稳定阈值。利用3种方法计算HI,比较标准差(SD)、中位数(ME)及变异系数(CV)选取最优计算方法。以HI划分发育阶段的分界点(0.35,0.60)进行分类,通过Shapiro-Wilk检验验证数据正态性,Levene检验检查方差的齐性,利用Mann-Whitney U检验对比不同HI区间侵蚀沟特征的组间差异。采用Spearman相关系数解析集水区线、面密度和体积密度、HI与侵蚀沟参数的相关性。利用线性回归分析HI与面密度关系,并采用分段线性回归(piecewise linear regression)深入分析HI与线密度和体积密度关系。
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