基于CFD的双层膜日光温室冬季循环风机对温湿度分布特性影响的研究
赵盛吉 , 甄琦 , 塔娜 , 闫彩霞
内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6) : 59 -69.
基于CFD的双层膜日光温室冬季循环风机对温湿度分布特性影响的研究
Effects of Circulation Fans on Temperature and Humidity Distribution Characteristics in a Double-layer Solar Greenhouse during Winter Using CFD Method
冬季封闭运行的双层膜日光温室易出现上热下冷、湿度分层等问题,不利于作物生长及热量利用。本文以内蒙古呼和浩特地区双层膜日光温室为研究对象,基于实测数据建立了包含辐射、组分输运及多孔介质的三维CFD模型,模拟分析自然状态、单风机和双风机运行条件下的温湿度及流场分布特征。结果表明,温室内存在明显的热湿分层现象,安装循环风机后可有效增强室内空气流动,改善冠层区温湿度均匀性。开启1台风机时,温度极差和湿度极差分别降低约9.3%和11.5%;开启2台风机后,冠层区温度、湿度变异系数进一步下降,整体均匀性提升约15.0%。风机运行对平均温度影响较小,但有效改善了微气候分布特征。研究结果表明,内部循环风机能够在保持温室总体热环境稳定的同时有效改善微气候均匀性,可为寒区日光温室循环风机布置与运行参数优化提供理论依据。
During winter, double-layer solar greenhouses operating under closed conditions often exhibit temperature stratification and humidity layering, which adversely affect the crop growth and heat utilization. In this study, a double-layer solar greenhouse located in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, was selected as the research object. A three-dimensional CFD model incorporating radiation, species transport, and porous media was established based on field-measured data to simulate the temperature, humidity, and airflow characteristics under three operation modes, i.e., without fans, with a single fan, and with two fans. The results showed that pronounced thermal and humidity stratification existed inside the greenhouse, while the installation of circulation fans effectively enhanced internal air mixing and improved the uniformity of temperature and humidity in the crop canopy zone. When one fan was operated, the temperature and humidity ranges decreased by approximately 9.3% and 11.5%, respectively. With two fans running, the coefficients of variation for temperature and humidity in the canopy zone further decreased, and the overall uniformity improved by about 15.0%. The fan operation had little effect on the mean temperature but significantly optimized the microclimate distribution. These findings demonstrate that internal circulation fans can effectively improve the uniformity of the greenhouse microclimate while maintaining overall thermal stability, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing the layout and operational parameters of circulation fans in solar greenhouses in cold regions.
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内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2024QN03058)
内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新项目(KC2024038B)
一流学科科研专项项目(YLXKZX-NND-009)
内蒙古自治区中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2024ZY0145)
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