基于解剖特征预测肾肿瘤手术难度、并发症及预后——肾肿瘤评分系统的研究进展

Predicting the surgical difficulty, complications and prognosis of kidney tumors based on anatomical features: advances in renal tumor scoring systems

摘要

肾肿瘤评分系统可以描述肾肿瘤的解剖特征，是评估手术复杂程度、评价肾部分切除术可行性的重要标准。国内外学者基于不同解剖参数构建了许多肾肿瘤评分系统，如 R.E.N.A.L.、PADUA、C-Index 等，对指导临床手术方式选择、预测围手术期并发症和预后有重要意义。本文按照主要功能归纳了预测手术复杂程度的 15 个、预测并发症的 6 个、预测预后的 4 个共 3 大类 25 个评分系统，综述各种肾肿瘤评分系统的内容、特点及临床应用价值，以帮助泌尿外科医师根据自身经验整合运用，增强手术决策能力，提高临床治疗效果。

Abstract

Renal tumor scoring systems can describe the anatomical characteristics of renal tumors. It is an important standard to evaluate the surgical complexity and feasibility of partial nephrectomy. Scholars at home and abroad have established various scoring systems based on different anatomical parameters, such as R.E.N.A.L., PADUA, C-Index, which are used to guide the clinical selection of surgical modalities, and predict perioperative complications and prognosis. In this paper, various scoring systems are grouped into three major categories according to their functions: prediction of surgical complexity, prediction of complications, and prediction of prognosis. The contents, characteristics and clinical application value of various renal tumor scoring systems are introduced in detail to guide urologists, enhance their surgical decision-making ability, and improve the clinical outcomes.

关键词

肾肿瘤 / 评分系统 / 肾部分切除术 / 解剖学特征

Key words

renal tumor / scoring system / partial nephrectomy / anatomical feature

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基金资助

空军军医大学第二附属医院临床新技术基金(XJSXYW-2023016)