早期乳腺癌保乳术后大分割调强放疗对比常规分割调强放疗的随机性及非劣效性
陆曹政 , 蔡怡 , 项楠 , 徐媛媛
中国现代普通外科进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1) : 41 -45.
早期乳腺癌保乳术后大分割调强放疗对比常规分割调强放疗的随机性及非劣效性
A randomized, non-inferiority clinical study of hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus conventional fractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer
目的:探讨早期乳腺癌保乳术后大分割调强放疗(HFRT)对比常规分割调强放疗(CFRT)的疗效、安全性及社会经济效益,验证HFRT的非劣效性。方法:采用随机、非劣效性设计,纳入2021年7月—2022年6月常熟市第一人民医院收治的100例早期乳腺癌保乳术后患者,通过随机数表法分为HFRT组(n=50)和CFRT组(n=50)。HFRT组采用全乳照射40.05 Gy/15次(单次2.67 Gy),同步整合加量技术(SIB-IMRT)将瘤床剂量提升至48 Gy;CFRT组采用全乳50 Gy/25次(单次2 Gy),序贯补量10 Gy/5次(单次2 Gy)。主要终点为2年局部复发率(LRR),非劣效界值Δ=5%;次要终点包括同侧乳腺肿瘤复发率(IBTR)、总生存率(OS)、急性/晚期毒性反应、美容效果及社会经济效益指标。结果:HFRT组与CFRT组的2年LRR分别为2.0%和4.0%(差异-2.0%,95% CI:-6.2%~2.2%),非劣效性成立(P<0.05)。两组的IBTR、OS、急性放射性皮炎、放射性肺炎、乳房疼痛及晚期纤维化比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,两组OS曲线无明显分离(P>0.05)。HFRT组的美容效果良好率明显高于CFRT组(90.0%比72.0%,P=0.022),且治疗次数[(15.2±1.2)次比(25.4±2.1)次]、总治疗时间[(3.1±0.5)周比(5.2±0.8)周]、总费用[(1.8±0.3)万元比(2.5±0.4)万元]均显著低于CFRT组(P<0.001),治疗完成率明显高于CFRT组(98.0%比86.0%,P=0.027)。结论:HFRT在局部控制率上非劣效于CFRT,且能改善美容效果、缩短疗程并降低医疗成本,可作为早期乳腺癌保乳术后放疗的优选方案。
Objective: To investigate the efficacy, safety, and socio-economic benefits of hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (HFRT) versus conventional fractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (CFRT) in early-stage breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery, and to validate the non-inferiority of HFRT. Methods: A randomized, non-inferiority trial was conducted, enrolling 100 patients from Changshu First People’s Hospital between July 2021 and June 2022. Patients were randomly assigned via a random number table to HFRT (n=50) or CFRT (n=50). The HFRT group received whole-breast irradiation (40.05Gy/15 fractions, 2.67Gy/fraction) with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB-IMRT) to the tumor bed (48Gy/15 fractions). The CFRT group received whole-breast irradiation (50Gy/25 fractions, 2Gy/fraction) followed by a sequential boost (10Gy/5 fractions, 2Gy/fraction). The primary endpoint was the 2-year locoregional recurrence rate (LRR), with a non-inferiority margin of Δ =5%; Secondary endpoints included ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), overall survival (OS), acute/late toxicities, cosmetic outcomes, and socio-economic indicators. Results: The 2-year LRR was 2.0% in the HFRT group and 4.0% in the CFRT group (difference: -2.0%, 95% CI: -6.2%~2.2%), confirming non-inferiority (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in IBTR, OS, acute radiation dermatitis, radiation pneumonitis, breast pain, or late fibrosis (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that there was no obvious separation of OS curves between the two groups (P>0.05). The HFRT group demonstrated significantly better cosmetic outcomes (90.0% vs 72.0%, P=0.022), fewer treatment sessions [(15.2±1.2) vs (25.4±2.1) sessions], shorter treatment duration [(3.1±0.5) vs (5.2±0.8 )weeks], lower total cost [(1.8±0.3) vs(2.5±0.4) million RMB, P<0.001], and higher completion rate (98.0% vs 86.0%, P=0.027). Conclusion: HFRT is non-inferior to CFRT in locoregional control, with improved cosmetic outcomes, reduced treatment duration, and lower medical costs, making it a preferred option for early-stage breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery.
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