纳米颗粒增强超声在甲状腺乳头状癌 BRAF 基因突变状态预测中的应用
江汉君 , 何玮 , 赵强 , 黄珊 , 盛璇
中国现代普通外科进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3) : 196 -200.
纳米颗粒增强超声在甲状腺乳头状癌 BRAF 基因突变状态预测中的应用
Application of nanoparticle-enhanced Ultrasound in predicting the mutation status of BRAF gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma
目的:探究纳米颗粒增强超声在甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)BRAF 基因突变状态预测中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年1月—2024年12月宁国市人民医院接收并确诊为PTC的患者200例,按1∶1比例分为观察组(n=100)和对照组(n=100)。对照组采用常规超声检查,观察组采用纳米颗粒增强超声检查。以手术切除肿瘤组织后,聚合酶链反应-直接测序法(PCR-Sanger测序)检测BRAF 基因V600E 位点突变情况为金标准,对比两组超声检查方法对BRAF 基因突变状态预测的诊断效能,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果:200 例患者中,共发现BRAF 基因突变阳性153 例(76.50%)。其中,观察组敏感度、特异度、准确度为87.01%、91.30%、88.00%,均高于对照组的59.21%、87.50%、66.00%(P<0.05)。基因突变患者肿瘤长径、甲状腺包膜侵犯比例、形态不规则比例、淋巴结转移比例、纳米增强强度、增强顶峰时间均高于非基因突变组(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析,这些指标均为基因突变发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。而基因突变患者的纳米增强开始时间比非基因突变患者短(P<0.05),经Logistic 回归分析,纳米增强开始时间是基因突变发生的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC 曲线结果显示,增强强度、增强顶峰时间、增强开始时间、甲状腺包膜侵犯、肿瘤长径、形态、淋巴结转移等指标联合检测的AUC 为0.970,显著高于单一指标检测。结论:纳米颗粒增强超声在PTC患者的BRAF基因突变状态预测中具有较高的诊断效能,联合超声形态学指标与纳米颗粒增强参数可提高预测准确性,为临床无创检测提供新途径。
Objective: To explore the application value of nanoparticle-enhanced ultrasound in predicting the mutation status of BRAF gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: Two hundred patients who were admitted to Ningguo people's hospital and diagnosed with PTC from January 2019 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group (n=100) and a control group (n=100) in a 1:1 ratio. The control group underwent conventional ultrasound examination, while the observation group underwent nanoparticle-enhanced ultrasound examination. After surgical resection of the tumor tissue, the mutation status of the V600E locus of the BRAF gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing (PCR-Sanger sequencing) as the gold standard. The diagnostic efficacy of the two ultrasound examination methods for the mutation status of the BRAF gene was compared, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn. Results: Among the 200 patients, 153 cases (76.50%) of BRAF gene mutation were detected. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the observation group were 87.01%, 91.30% and 88.00%, respectively, which were all higher than those of the control group (59.21%, 87.50% and 66.00%) (P<0.05). The tumor length, proportion of thyroid capsule invasion, proportion of lymph node metastasis, nanoparticle enhancement intensity, and peak enhancement time in patients with gene mutations were all higher than those in the non-gene mutation group (P<0.05). Through Logistic regression analysis, these indicators were considered risk factors for the occurrence of gene mutations (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the start time of nano-enhancement was a protective factor for the occurrence of gene mutations (P<0.05). The results of the ROC curve indicated that the AUC of the combined detection of enhancement intensity, enhancement peak time, enhancement start time, thyroid capsule invasion, tumor length, morphology, and lymph node metastasis was 0.970, which was significantly higher than that of the single indicator detection. Conclusion: Nanoparticle-enhanced ultrasound has high diagnostic efficacy in predicting the mutation status of the BRAF gene in PTC patients. Combining ultrasound morphological indicators with nanoparticle enhancement parameters can improve the prediction accuracy, providing a new approach for non-invasive clinical detection.
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