中熟鲜食葡萄新品种葡缘绿宝石的选育

Breeding of a new mid-ripening table grape cultivar Puyuan Lübaoshi

摘要

葡缘绿宝石是采用杂交育种技术培育而成的优质中熟鲜食葡萄新品种，属于欧美杂交种。母本为玫瑰香与大紫王的杂交后代12-3-21，父本为阳光玫瑰。果穗圆锥形，平均单穗质量497.1 g，果穗紧密度松。果粒椭圆形，成熟度均匀一致，果梗与果粒结合牢固，果皮黄绿色；平均单粒质量8.95 g，每粒果实含1~2粒种子。可溶性固形物含量（ w）19.7%~21.4%，果肉无色、质地中等、清甜多汁，玫瑰香，品质上等。在浙江海宁设施栽培条件下，该品种于3月中旬萌芽，5月上旬进入花期，8月上中旬浆果成熟，每果枝着生1~2个花穗，萌芽率达93.5%，结果枝率78.6%，成枝力较强。对灰霉病、霜霉病、白粉病、白腐病等病害抗性较强，耐涝性较强，易发生日灼与气灼。耐贮运性良好，挂果期长达3个月，货架期较长。适宜在浙江及南方相似生态区域设施种植，定植后第2年开花结果，丰产性与稳产性突出。

Abstract

Puyuan Lübaoshi is a new high-quality mid-ripening grape cultivar selected through cross breeding. Its female parent is 12-3-21 (a hybrid of Muscat Hamburg and Daziwang), and the male parent is Shine Muscat. 12-3-21 was bred by crossing Muscat Hamburg and Daziwang in 2012, showing excellent performance. In 2015, cross breeding was carried out with 12-3-21 as the female parent and Shine Muscat as the male parent, yielding 826 hybrid seeds. These hybrid seeds were sown in 2016 to obtain 246 hybrid seedlings, which were transplanted in 2017 and entered the fruiting period in 2019. After comprehensive observation and selection regarding fruit quality, stress resistance, and yield performance from 2019 to 2022, the elite line numbered 15-3-30 was selected. This line features oval with yellow-green color, sweet taste, strong aroma, good storability and good storage and transportation properties, initially named Tiangong Lübaoshi. In 2024, it was granted by the new plant variety right (CAN20221010349) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and was officially named Puyuan Lübaoshi. Fruit clusters are conical, with an average weight of 497.1 g, relatively loose structure and uniform ripening of berries. The fruit stalks are firmly attached to the berries. Berries are elliptic, with yellow-green peel and colorless flesh. The average berry weight is 8.95 g and each berry contains 1-2 seeds. Soluble solids content ranges from 19.7% to 21.4%. The flesh has a medium texture, features a unique flavor combining fresh herbal aroma and elegant muscat scent. Under protected cultivation conditions in Haining, Zhejiang province, it sprouts in mid-March, flowers in early May, and ripens in early August. With a budbreak rate of 93.5% and a bearing shoot rate of 78.6%, each fruit branch has 1-2 fruit clusters on average. It has strong resistance to diseases such as botrytis cinerea, downy mildew, powdery mildew and white rot, as well as excellent waterlogging tolerance. However, it is susceptible to sunscald and heat injury. The fruit has good storage and transportation resistance, with a fruit hanging period of up to 3 months and a relatively long shelf life. This variety is suitable for facility cultivation in Zhejiang province and regions with similar ecological conditions.

关键词

鲜食葡萄 / 新品种 / 葡缘绿宝石 / 中熟

Key words

Table grape / New cultivar / Puyuan Lübaoshi / Mid-ripening

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基金资助

浙江省果品新品种选育专项(2012C12904-7)

浙江省果品新品种选育专项(2016C020052-6)

浙江省果品新品种选育专项(2021C02066-6)

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-13)

国家自然科学基金项目(32572967)