四值逻辑运算和Blowfish算法相结合的图像加密方法

Image encryption method combining quaternary logic operations and Blowfish algorithm

摘要

四值逻辑运算具有丰富的运算规则,适合以符号替换的形式实现数据加解密,本文基于该运算提出了一种面向图像的新型分组密码算法及其工作模式。该算法以图像中相邻的两个像素为一个分组,从数量众多的广义密钥中随机选取48种不同的四值逻辑运算规则,用于完成图像的加/解密和密钥派生过程。针对图像数据相邻像素相关性较大的特点,本文构建了一种基于Blowfish的混淆算法,以提供强混淆能力。同时,设计了密钥派生与两次加密的工作模式,以增强扩散效果,提高算法对密钥或明文微小变化的敏感性。通过对直方图、相邻像素相关性、像素改变率、统一平均变化强度、雪崩效应、信息熵及峰值信噪比多个安全性指标的试验分析,结果表明该算法具有较高的安全性,加密时间少于已有算法,具有较好的应用前景。

Abstract

Quaternary logic operations offer a rich set of operational rules, making them suitable for implementing data encryption and decryption in a symbolic substitution form. Based on this type of operation, we propose a novel block cipher algorithm and its operation mode for image encryption. The algorithm groups every two adjacent pixels as a block and randomly selects 48 distinct quaternary logic operation rules from a large number of generalized keys to perform image encryption/decryption and key derivation. Considering the high correlation between adjacent pixels in image data, a Blowfish-based algorithm is constructed to provide strong confusion capability. Additionally, an operation mode, combining key derivation and double encryption, is designed; this operation mode ensures the diffusion effect and improves the algorithm’s sensitivity to small changes in either the seed key or plaintext. Experimental analyses of multiple security metrics, including histogram analysis, adjacent pixel correlation, number of pixel change rate (NPCR), unified average changing intensity (UACI), avalanche effect, information entropy, and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is highly secure while requiring less encryption time than existing algorithms, showing promising application potential.

关键词

四值逻辑运算 / Blowfish算法 / 分组密码 / 图像加密 / 工作模式

Key words

quaternary logic operations / Blowfish algorithm / block cipher / image encryption / operation mode

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基金资助

上海市浦江人才计划(21PJD001)