基于通用荧光引物的试验兔遗传多样性分析

Analysis of the genetic diversity of laboratory rabbits based on universal fluorescent primers

摘要

将通用序列与特异性引物结合,构建一套低成本且高效的多重短串联重复(short tandem repeats,STR)位点检测方法,用于试验兔遗传多样性分析。利用18个STR位点对SPF (specific pathogen free)级新西兰兔和日本大耳白兔及普通青紫蓝兔3个品种共75只试验兔进行遗传检测和分析。同时,利用2个已知亲缘关系的新西兰兔小家系样本进行验证。结果显示,3个试验兔种群之间存在显著遗传分化,但是遗传多样性较低,均存在一定程度的近交风险。3个种群遗传距离:日本大耳白兔与青紫蓝兔关系最近,新西兰兔次之,而新西兰兔则与青紫蓝兔遗传距离最远。2个已知亲缘关系的小家系样本均验证为亲子关系。结果表明,多重STR位点检测法在完成大量STR位点的检测任务时,存在显著成本优势,同时也为试验动物遗传多样性分析提供了新的思路。

Abstract

By combining universal sequences with specific primers, a low-cost and efficient multiplex STR (short tandem repeats, STR) locus detection method was constructed for genetic diversity analysis of experimental rabbits. Using 18 STR loci, genetic testing and analysis were conducted on 75 experimental rabbits from three breeds: SPF (specific pathogen free) grade New Zealand rabbits, Japanese big eared white rabbits, and common chinchilla rabbits. At the same time, validation was conducted using two known closely related samples of small New Zealand rabbit families. The results showed that there was significant genetic differentiation among the three experimental rabbit populations , but the genetic diversity was low, and all of them had a certain degree of inbreeding risk. The genetic distance of the three populations : the Japanese big-eared white rabbit were the most closely related to the blue rabbit, followed by the New Zealand rabbit, and the New Zealand rabbit was the farthest from the chinchilla rabbit. The two small families with known kinship were verified as Immediate family. The results indicate that the multiple STR locus detection method has significant cost advantages when dealing with the task of detecting a large number of STR loci, and also provides new ideas for the analysis of genetic diversity in experimental animals.

关键词

通用荧光引物 / 微卫星位点 / 试验兔 / 遗传多样性分析

Key words

universal fluorescent primers / microsatellite loci / laboratory rabbits / genetic diversity

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0801101)