柔性碳纤维布/MoS₂多功能光热材料用于太阳能海水淡化

Flexible carbon fiber cloth/MoS₂ multifunctional photothermal materials for solar desalination

摘要

太阳能海水蒸发已成为缓解全球淡水资源短缺的重要策略。然而,海水中各种污染物会逐渐吸附在光热材料表面,导致光热转换效率和蒸发性能下降。为解决此问题,急需开发兼具高效蒸发与去污功能的多功能材料。本文以碳纤维布(CFC)为衬底,通过水热法在其表面原位生长纳米片状MoS₂,成功制备兼具光热与光催化功能的CFC/MoS₂织物。CFC/MoS₂表现出优异的光吸收(约91%)和光热转换性能。在1 kW/m²光照条件下,CFC/MoS₂实现了1.89 kg/(m²·h)的高蒸发速率,并在多轮循环测试中展现出良好的长期蒸发稳定性。同时,CFC/MoS₂具有良好的光催化活性,在可见光照射下,对左氧氟沙星(LVFX)的去除效率为66.08%。值得注意的是,CFC/MoS₂光热织物可有效协同光热蒸发与光催化净化过程,在蒸发过程中对LVFX的同步去除效率可达90.94%,为实现高效、抗污染的太阳能海水淡化提供了新思路。

Abstract

Solar-driven seawater desalination has become an important strategy to alleviate the global freshwater shortage. However, various pollutants in seawater tend to accumulate on photothermal material surfaces during long-term evaporation, leading to reduced photothermal conversion efficiency and evaporation performance. To solve above problems, it is necessary to develop the multifunctional materials with efficient evaporation and decontamination performance. Herein, the CFC/MoS₂ fabric with photothermal and photocatalytic properties was fabricated by in-situ growth of flower-liked MoS₂ nanosheets on carbon fiber cloth (CFC) via a hydrothermal method. The CFC/MoS₂ fabric exhibits good light-absorption efficiency (about 91%) and photothermal conversion performance. Under solar irradiation (1.0 kW/m²), CFC/MoS₂ fabric reaches an evaporation rate of 1.89 kg/(m²·h) and it has good long-term stability in the multiple cycle tests. In addition, the fabric shows favorable photocatalytic activity, with a removal efficiency of 66.08% for levofloxacin (LVFX) under visible light irradiation. Importantly, CFC/MoS₂ fabric shows a synergistic effect of photothermal evaporation and photocatalytic purification, and its removal efficiency of LVFX can reach 90.94% during the evaporation process. Therefore, this work provided a promising strategy for achieving efficient anti-fouling solar-driven seawater desalination.

关键词

太阳能海水淡化 / 光热/光催化织物 / 碳纤维 / 二硫化钼

Key words

solar desalination / photothermal/photocatalytic fabric / carbon fiber / molybdenum disulfide

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(42376045)

国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3804900)