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摘要
该文在文献研究的基础上,设计医务人员防护行为与职业感染风险认知问卷,探究安徽省医务人员职业感染防护行为现状及影响因素,于2024年10月至2025年4月采用横断面调查方式,选取安徽省皖北、皖南、皖中地区7家医院共1 413名医务人员开展问卷调查。结果显示,医务人员防护行为平均分为(16.23±3.09)分,呈中等偏上水平,回归分析结果表明,性别、科室、家庭月收入、行为效益认知、行为障碍认知及自我效能对防护行为具有显著影响,各群体间防护行为得分存在显著差异,自我效能是防护行为的首要正向驱动因素,认知因素对防护行为具有双向调节作用。研究表明,针对群体差异,推行差异化防护管理;聚焦自我效能提升,构建分层实操培训体系;破解认知双向矛盾,实施精准认知干预等,为制定职业感染风险应对措施提供科学依据。
Abstract
Based on the literature review, this study designed a questionnaire on healthcare workers’ protective behaviors and perceptions of occupational infection risks to investigate the current status and influencing factors of occupational infection prevention practices among healthcare workers in Anhui Province. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2024 to April 2025, involving 1 413 healthcare workers from seven hospitals across northern, southern, and central Anhui. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0. Results indicated that the average protective behavior score among healthcare workers was 16.23±3.09, reflecting an overall moderate-to-high level of protective behavior. Regression analysis revealed that gender, department, monthly household income, perceived behavioral benefits, perceived behavioral barriers, and self-efficacy significantly influenced protective behavior (P<0.05). Significant differences in protective behavior scores were observed across groups. Self-efficacy served as the primary positive driver of protective behavior, while cognitive factors exerted a bidirectional moderating effect. The study recommends implementing differentiated protective management strategies tailored to group disparities, developing a tiered practical training system focused on enhancing self-efficacy, and addressing cognitive conflicts through targeted cognitive interventions, thereby providing a scientific basis for developing occupational infection risk countermeasures.
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杨洋,何艾萍,王梓欣,王丽,陈任.
安徽省医务人员职业感染防护行为现状及影响因素研究[J].
南京医科大学学报(社会科学版), 2026, 26(3): 322-328 DOI:10.7655/NYDXBSSS250509
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基金资助
安徽医科大学医院管理研究所“国医科技”开放项目“安徽省医务人员职业感染风险认知、防护行为与职业感染防控优化策略”(2023gykj06)
安徽省高校哲学社会科学优秀科研创新团队“基层健康协同治理研究”(2023AH010036)