融合“地质-数值”模型的透明工作面平台构建及应用

Construction and Application of Transparent Working Face Platform Integrating Geology-Numerical Model

摘要

针对特厚煤层综放工作面采掘过程中存在的地质条件复杂、开采风险高等问题,以内蒙古蒙泰不连沟煤矿特厚煤层综放工作面为工程案例,采用多源异构数据融合,整合静态、动态与实时地质数据的方法,并结合动态仿真和可视化技术,构建了涵盖地表、地层、巷道和地质构造的高精度三维模型,将地质模型的几何框架与地层属性转化为数值仿真的边界条件与岩层分区,建立了以地质信息为约束、能动态更新的“地质-数值”融合模型,开发了特厚煤层综放开采透明工作面可视化平台。结果表明:通过对比实时支架压力与数值模型预测的围岩应力分布,实现顶板灾害风险预警；同时可交互式查看不同工作面推进距离下的覆岩垮落特征、岩层位移演化的规律,显著提升了特厚煤层综放开采的安全性和效率,降低事故风险；在三维地质可视化研究平台的安全保障与指导作用下,综放工作面回采效率提升3%,综放工作面累计多回收煤炭约230 000 t,顶板管理和智能化水平得到了提升,为工作面创造了安全开采环境,也为透明工作面可视化平台在矿井安全管理、资源高效利用及智能化转型中提供了广阔的应用前景。

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of complex geological conditions and high mining risk in the mining process of fully mechanized caving face in extra-thick coal seam, taking the fully-mechanized caving face of extra-thick coal seam in Buliangou Coal Mine as the engineering background, a high-precision three-dimensional model covering surface, stratum, roadway, and geological structure was constructed using multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, integrating static, and dynamic and real-time geological data, combined with dynamic simulation and visualization technology. The geometric framework and stratigraphic attributes of the geological model are transformed into the boundary conditions and rock layer partitions of numerical simulation, and a "geological-numerical" fusion model which can be dynamically updated with geological information as constraints is established. A transparent working face visualization platform for fully mechanized caving mining in extra-thick coal seams is developed. The field test results show that through the linkage analysis between the underground working face and the fusion model simulation working face, the real-time support pressure is compared with the stress distribution predicted by the numerical model to warn the roof risk, and the overlying rock caving form and rock displacement distribution of different advancing distances are interactively viewed, which significantly improves the safety and efficiency of fully mechanized caving mining in extra-thick coal seams and reduces the risk of accidents. Under the the safety guarantee and guidance of the three-dimensional geological visualization research platform, the mining efficiency of the fully mechanized caving face is increased by 3%, and and a total of approximately 23,000 tons of coal has been recovered accumulatively from the fully mechanized caving face. The roof management and intelligentization level of Buliangou Coal Mine have been enhanced, creating a safe mining environment for the working face. Meanwhile, this transparent working face visualization platform offers broad application prospects in mine safety management, efficient resource utilization, and intelligent transformation..

关键词

特厚煤层 / 多源异构数据 / 三维仿真模拟 / 透明工作面 / 可视化平台

Key words

Extra-thick coal seam / Multi-source heterogeneous data / Three-dimensional simulation / Transparent working face / Visualization platform

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基金资助

陕西省重点研发计划“强矿压灾害前兆信息识别及多源监测数据融合 AI 中台构建”(2024GX-YBXM-492)

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划“脉冲型双震源混合算子构造及其波场分离影响研究”(2024JC-YBQN-0272)