To address the performance degradation of adaptive beamforming algorithms for uniform circular arrays (UCA) in multipath coherent environments, a robust adaptive beamforming algorithm with high array gain is proposed. Firstly, the UCA is transformed into a virtual uniform linear array (VULA) through modal domain transformation, followed by a spatial smoothing technique to achieve decorrelation. Secondly, the interference steering vector is estimated using the minimum power projection method, while the steering vector of the signal of interest (SOI) is obtained via a convex optimization approach that maximizes the output power. Then, the powers of the interference and noise are estimated using the orthogonality of subspace eigenvectors. Finally, the interference-plus-noise covariance matrix (INCM) is reconstructed based on the estimated parameters, and the beamforming weight vector is computed accordingly. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves favorable output SINR under various SNR conditions, verifying its effectiveness. Furthermore, its robust performance under different model mismatch scenarios confirms the algorithm’s robustness.
自适应波束形成是阵列信号处理领域的一个重要分支,它通过自适应的更新权重来实现增强期望信号(Signal of Interest, SOI)并同时抑制干扰信号的功能。该技术广泛应用于雷达、声纳、地震学、射电天文学、无线通信、医学成像和生物医学工程[1-3]。然而,由于通信环境的传播是复杂的,通信传播的质量很容易被影响。当信号处于多径环境下时,会产生相干干扰信号,相干信号会导致期望信号抵消,从而造成传统的波束形成器功能失效。
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