To address the problems of local optima and slow convergence speed in the exponential-trigonometric optimization algorithm (ETO), a multi-strategy improved exponential-trigonometric optimization algorithm (IETO) is proposed. In the population initialization stage of IETO algorithm, the uniform distribution characteristics of Latin hypercube sampling are utilized to enhance population diversity. During the exploration and development stages, an adaptive segmented update strategy is introduced to dynamically adjust the balance between exploration and development in the search process. A diversity maintenance mechanism is adopted to avoid premature convergence and escape local optima. A periodic annealing local search strategy is introduced to perform fine-grained searches during the development stage, thereby improving the quality of the final solution. In solving common engineering application problems such as the three-bar truss, compressed spring, and container pressure design problems, the results obtained all show good performance, with superior performance in traversing to find the optimal value, demonstrating stronger applicability and superiority.
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