To address unclear permissions, weak security and poor verifiability in traditional secret sharing, a dual-verifiable high-dimensional secrect sharing scheme integrating symmetric matrices is designed. Participants are grouped by job levels. The polynomial master key is encoded based on finite-field polynomials. Sub-keys, generated from symmetric matrix eigenvalues and eigenvectors, are securely distributed using orthogonal matrices. A dual verification mechanism is used to ensure sub-key authenticity and participant’s honesty. The master key is denived from polynomial interpolation and Vandermonde determinant properties using threshold sub-key eigenvalue in the recorery stage. Theoretically proven correct, tampering and eavesdropping are resisted through symmetric matrix properties and dual verification, meeting the requirements of information-theoretic security. Validated in military ordnance management, it enables “1 cadre + 2 ordnance man” hierarchical authorization and key recovery. This scheme achieves hierarchical permission control with high security, verifiability and practicality, suitable for graded authorization scenarios.
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