黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律*

蔡路; 陈华; 杨瑞东; 董艳杰; 梁鹏; 周东东; 高爽; 杨明坤

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.051

古地理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2) : 383 -394. DOI: 10.7605/gdlxb.2025.051

沉积矿产资源专题

黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律^*

蔡路 ¹^,² ,
陈华 ² ,
杨瑞东 ¹ ,
董艳杰 ² ,
梁鹏 ² ,
周东东 ² ,
高爽 ² ,
杨明坤 ²

作者信息 +

Distribution pattern of lithium in aluminum-bearing rock series of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province, China

Lu CAI ¹^,² ,
Hua CHEN ² ,
Ruidong YANG ¹ ,
Yanjie DONG ² ,
Peng LIANG ² ,
Dongdong ZHOU ² ,
Shuang GAO ² ,
Mingkun YANG ²

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

黔中清镇—修文地区铝土矿资源丰富,累计查明铝土矿资源量4.28×10⁸t,初步估算石炭系九架炉组(C₁jj)含矿岩系中Li₂O的远景资源量16.84×10⁴t,具有潜在综合利用前景。利用黔中地区130条含铝岩系岩石地球化学剖面数据,研究九架炉组中锂的分布规律。结果显示,随着九架炉组寒武系基底地层由老变新,Li₂O含量逐渐增大,基底为高台—石冷水组时,九架炉组中Li₂O含量相对较高,且分布连续稳定。Li₂O含量按岩性: 铝质黏土岩>铝土岩>黏土岩>铝土矿>铁质黏土岩、赤铁矿,按矿石自然类型: 致密状铝土矿>碎屑状铝土矿≫土状—半土状铝土矿。在铝土矿顶底处,由致密状铝土矿向铝质黏土岩、铝土岩转变的岩性过渡带中,Li₂O易富集(≥2000μg/g),形成“Li₂O异常富集层(铝质黏土岩、铝土岩)—铝土矿—Li₂O异常富集层(铝质黏土岩、铝土岩)—铝土矿”的垂向分布特征。九架炉组中Li₂O含量受基底地层Li₂O背景值、母岩的风化程度、岩性和矿石类型等因素控制。基底Li₂O背景值越高,含铝岩系中Li₂O的含量相对越高。随着母岩风化程度的加深,Li₂O经历先增加后减少的过程,在30%≤Al₂O₃≤55%、25%≤SiO₂≤45%、0.75≤Al/Si≤2.2的区间,Li₂O值明显富集。同时,优选出长冲河矿区、坛罐窑矿区2个矿区,Li₂O含量较高(≥2000μg/g),且横向分布相对连续稳定,有较好的综合利用前景。

Abstract

The Qingzhen-Xiuwen area in central Guizhou Province is rich in bauxite resources,with a total identified bauxite resource of 4.28×10⁸ t. The preliminary estimate is that the prospective resource of Li₂O in the ore-bearing rock series of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation(C₁jj)is 16.84×10⁴t,which has potential for comprehensive utilization. This study utilized geochemical profile data from 130 aluminum-bearing rock formations in the Guiyang area to investigate the distribution pattern of lithium in the Jiujialu Formation. The results showed that as the Cambrian basement strata of the Jiujialu Formation changed from old to new,the Li₂O content gradually increased. When the basement was the Gaotai Shilengshui Formation,the Li₂O value in the Jiujialu Formation was relatively high and the distribution was continuous and stable. Li₂O content is determined by lithology: aluminum clay rock>bauxite rock>clay rock>bauxite>iron clay rock,hematite. According to the natural type of ore: dense bauxite>detrital bauxite>>soil semi soil bauxite. At the top and bottom of bauxite,in the lithological transition zone from dense bauxite to aluminum clay rock and bauxite rock,Li₂O is easily enriched(≥2000μg/g),forming a vertical distribution characteristic of “Li₂O abnormal enrichment layer(aluminum clay rock,bauxite rock)-bauxite-Li₂O abnormal enrichment layer(aluminum clay rock,bauxite rock)-bauxite”. The Li₂O content in the Jiujialu Formation is controlled by factors such as the Li₂O background value of the basement strata,the degree of weathering of the parent rock,lithology,and ore type. The higher the background value of Li₂O in the base,the relatively higher the content of Li₂O in the bauxite series. As the weathering degree of the parent rock deepens,Li₂O undergoes a process of first increasing and then decreasing. In the range of 30%≤Al₂O₃≤55%,25%≤SiO₂≤45%,and 0.75≤Al/Si≤2.2,Li₂O values are significantly enriched. At the same time,two mining areas,Changchonghe Mining Area and Tanganyao Mining Area,were selected with high Li₂O content(≥2000μg/g)and relatively continuous and stable horizontal distribution,indicating good prospects for comprehensive utilization.