江西宜春市散养蛋鸡养殖场农(兽)药使用调查与分析
王归燕 , 晏文波 , 李海根 , 黄勤 , 何帆 , 黄萍 , 周金辉
养殖与饲料 ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (06) : 29 -32.
江西宜春市散养蛋鸡养殖场农(兽)药使用调查与分析
Investigation and analysis on the use of pesticides (veterinary drugs) in farms of free-ranged egg-laying hens in Yichun City, Jiangxi Province
目的 分析宜春市散养蛋鸡养殖场养殖现状和与鲜蛋中农药、兽药及重金属残留状况,为宜春市市售散养鸡蛋的安全性评价及养殖环境的改善提供基础数据。 方法 2023年3月-2024年4月,笔者采用座谈交流、填写调查表的方式实地走访宜春市20个养殖场,每个养殖场各采集5只鸡的鸡蛋样品混合为1份,鲜蛋样品总计20份,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP⁃MS)测定鸡蛋中的重金属含量,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UHPLC⁃MS/MS)测定鸡蛋中的兽药含量,气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC⁃MS)测定鸡蛋中的二氯二苯基三氯乙烷和六氯环己烷含量。 结果 鸡蛋中的铅、镉、总汞、砷、铬含量最高值分别为0.028 3、0.002 4、0.002 1、0.012 0、0.243 0 mg/kg,均未超过GB 2762—2022中规定的蛋及蛋制品和肉类的重金属限值;所有鸡蛋未检出兽药和农药残留。 结论 宜春市散养鸡蛋重金属、兽药和农药残留符合国家标准,但养殖场在卫生管理等方面存在一定问题。
Objectives The status in farms of free-ranged egg-laying hens in Yichun city, Jiangxi Province and the residues of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and heavy metals in fresh eggs were studied to provide basic data for the safety evaluation of commercially available free-ranged eggs in Yichun City and the improvement of the farming environments. Methods On-site visits to 20 farms of free-ranged egg-laying hens in Yichun City were conducted through interviews and questionnaire surveys from March 2023 to April 2024. 5 fresh eggs were collected from each farm and mixed into 1 sample, with a total of 20 fresh egg samples. The content of heavy metals, veterinary drugs, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorocyclohexane in eggs was determined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Results The maximum content of lead, cadmium, total mercury, arsenic, and chromium in the eggs was 0.028 3, 0.002 4, 0.002 1, 0.012 0 and 0.243 0 mg/kg, respectively, none of which exceeded the limits for heavy metals in eggs, egg products, and meat specified in GB 2762—2022. No residues of veterinary drugs or pesticides was detected in any samples studied. Conclusions The residues of heavy metals, veterinary drugs, and pesticides in free-ranged eggs from Yichun City met national standards, but there were certain problems of hygiene management and other aspects in the farms.
散养蛋鸡 / 农药残留 / 兽药残留 / 重金属污染 / 食品安全
free-ranged egg-laying hens / residues of pesticides / residues of veterinary drugs / contamination of heavy metals / food safety
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