栎果部分替代玉米和麦麸对猪生长性能的影响
Effects of substituting some maize and wheat bran with oak fruit on the growth performance of pigs
目的 探究在饲粮中添加不同比例的栎果对猪生长性能的影响,为盛产栎果地区的养殖户提供1种可行的饲料减量替代方案。 方法 选取90~100日龄健康、生长发育良好、膘情中等、体重相近(平均34 kg)的杜洛克×巴克夏×保山猪三元杂交猪50头,随机分成5组,每组10头。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂玉米+浓缩料+麦麸;Ⅱ~Ⅴ组为试验组,饲喂玉米+浓缩料+不同比例栎果全果,分别添加20%、25%、35%、45%栎果,试验期60 d,测定猪只的生长性能,统计经济效益。 结果 添加20%栎果(Ⅱ组)的猪只增重效果、饲料报酬和经济效益最佳,与对照组(Ⅰ组)相比,均日增重增加0.02 kg,头均收益提高54.15元;其次是添加25%栎果组,头均收益比对照组高27.92元,其他添加比例组均低于对照组。 结论 养殖杂交猪的农户可用20%或25%的栎果来部分替代玉米和麦麸等能量饲料,达到降本增效的目的。
Objectives The effects of adding different proportions of oak fruits to feed on the growth performance of pigs were studied to provide a feasible solution of reduction and substitution of feed for farmers in areas where oak fruits are abundant. Methods 50 healthy Duroc×Berkshire×Baoshan pigs with good growth and development, medium fat, similar weight (average 34 kg), and 90-100 days old were divided into 5 groups with 10 pigs in each group. Group Ⅰ was the control group, fed with maize + concentrated feed + wheat bran. Groups Ⅱ-Ⅴ were the experimental groups, fed with maize + concentrated feed + different proportions of whole oak fruit including 20%, 25%, 35%, and 45% oak fruit, for an experiment period of 60 days. The growth performance and economic benefits of pigs were measured. Results The addition of 20% oak fruit (group Ⅱ) had the best effect in weight gain, feed reward, and economic benefits, with an average daily weight gain increase of 0.02 kg, and an average head gain increase of 54.15 yuan compared to that in the control group (groupⅠ). The addition of 25% oak fruit had an average head gain increase of 27.92 yuan compared to that in groupⅠ. The other addition ratios were lower than that in the control group. Conclusions Farmers in places where oak fruits are abundant raise hybrid pigs can use 20% or 25% oak fruits to partly replace energy feed including maize and wheat bran, which can achieve the goal of reducing costs and increasing efficiency of farming.
栎果 / 能量饲料 / 减量替代 / 杂交猪 / 生长性能 / 经济效益
oak fruit / energy feed / reduction and substitution / growth performance / economic benefits
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