巨菌草饲用价值评价
Evaluation of the feeding value of Pennisetum giganteum
目的 为巨菌草高效饲用建立基础营养成分数据参数。 方法 对不同生育期、不同茬次巨菌草及以草代木用阶段巨菌草叶梢、茎、全株和青贮巨菌草进行常规营养成分检测分析及相对饲用价值评价。 结果 不同生育期巨菌草,随生育期延长,干物质(DM)、钙(Ca)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量升高,粗蛋白(CP)含量、相对饲用价值(RFV)降低;拔节中后期、枯黄期CP较分蘖期、拔节前期显著降低,拔节后期Ca、NDF较分蘖期、拔节前期显著升高;拔节前期与分蘖期各营养成分无显著差异,且CP≥8.43%,是最适合饲用的时期,但其生物产量相对较低。不同茬次巨菌草及青贮巨菌草的常规营养成分和相对饲用价值没有显著差异。以草代木用阶段巨菌草叶梢CP、EE等营养物质含量与拔节前期相当,但NDF、ADF显著高于拔节前期及分蘖期。 结论 以草代木用阶段巨菌草叶梢营养成分与拔节前期巨菌草相当;拔节期结束前巨菌草均适合饲用,而拔节中期或刚进入拔节后期是最佳饲用刈割期。
Objectives This study aimed to establish foundational nutritional data parameters for the efficient utilization of Pennisetum giganteum as forage. Methods Conventional nutritional component analysis and relative feeding value (RFV) evaluation were conducted on Pennisetum giganteum across different growth stages, harvest cycles and silage, as well as on leaf sheaths, stems, whole plants of the grass at the wood-substitute stage. Results With prolonged growth stages, the contents of dry matter (DM), calcium (Ca), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of Pennisetum giganteum were increased, while the content of crude protein (CP) and relative feeding value (RFV) were decreased. The content of CP during the mid-late jointing and senescence stages of Pennisetum giganteum were significantly lower than those during the tillering and early jointing stages. The contents of Ca and NDF in the late jointing stage of Pennisetum giganteum were significantly higher than in the tillering and early jointing stages. No significant differences in nutritional components were observed between the early jointing and tillering stages of Pennisetum giganteum. However, the early jointing stage (CP≥8.43%) of Pennisetum giganteum was identified as the optimal period for forage use, despite its relatively lower biomass yield. 2. No significant differences in conventional nutritional components or RFV were observed among Pennisetum giganteum from different harvest cycles or silage. At the wood-substitute stage of Pennisetum giganteum, the CP and ether extract (EE) content in leaf sheaths were comparable to those in the early jointing stage, but NDF and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were significantly higher than in both the early jointing and tillering stages. Conclusions Leaf sheaths of Pennisetum giganteum at the wood-substitute stage exhibit nutritional equivalence to those in the early jointing stage. The grass remains suitable for forage use prior to the end of the jointing stage, with the optimal harvesting window identified as mid-jointing or the initial phase of late jointing.
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湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2019-620-000-001-21)
湖北省科技成果转化项目“地源性饲料资源高效养殖马头山羊关键技术集成与示范”(2023BBB073)
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