饲料结构优化对圈养黑叶猴肠道健康与繁殖力的影响
刘浏 , 郭玉琦 , 彭少波 , 黄磊 , 龚驰 , 汪波瀚 , 汪明权
养殖与饲料 ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (09) : 11 -15.
饲料结构优化对圈养黑叶猴肠道健康与繁殖力的影响
Effects of optimizing dietary structure on the intestinal health and reproductive capacity of captive francois' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi)
目的 优化饲料配方以改善黑叶猴肠道健康及繁殖表现,为濒危灵长类动物科学管理提供依据。 方法 以6只成年圈养黑叶猴(2只雌性、4只雄性)为研究对象,实施渐进式饲料结构调整:树叶(新鲜小叶女贞、桑叶)投喂量从200 g/(只·d)逐步增至500 g/(只·d)(每周增加50 g),高水分瓜果类从500 g/(只·d)减至200 g/(只·d)(每周减少50 g),其他饲料投喂量不变,调整周期6周;采用布里斯托粪便评分法评估黑叶猴每日粪便形态,记录其腹泻、便秘等胃肠道疾病发病次数及持续时间,并监测妊娠成功率与幼崽成活率。 结果 饲料结构调整后,粪便评分从6.2(糊状)显著降至4.1(正常形态,P<0.05),胃肠道疾病年发病率由8次降至2次。2只雌猴分别于2020年6月7日、2020年10月18日成功分娩,幼崽出生体重估算为300~340 g,健康评分为9,截至2025年7月均存活。 结论 增加树叶比例(≥500 g/d)并减少高糖高水分瓜果(≤200 g/d),可有效改善圈养黑叶猴的肠道健康及繁殖力。
Objectives Dietary formulations were optimized to improve the intestinal health and reproductive performance of François' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) and provide a basis for scientific management of endangered primates. Methods A gradual dietary adjustment including increasing the daily leaf (Ligustrum quihoui, Morus alba) ration from 200 g to 500 g per individual (with a weekly increment of 50 g) while reducing high-moisture fruits and vegetables from 500 g to 200 g per individual (with a weekly decrement of 50 g) without unchanging other components of the diet was implemented on 6 adult captive François' langurs including 2 females and 4 males for 6 weeks. The Bristol Stool Chart was used to evaluate the daily fecal morphology of François' langurs. The frequency and duration of gastrointestinal diseases including diarrhea and constipation were recorded. The success rate of pregnancy and the survival rate of offsprings were monitored. Results The fecal score decreased significantly from 6.2 (mushy) to 4.1 (normal) (P<0.05), and the annual incidence of gastrointestinal diseases decreased from 8 to 2 episodes After the adjustment of dietary structure. 2 female François'langurs successfully gave birth on June 7 2020 and October 18 2020, respectively. The estimated birth weight of the cubs was 300-340 g, with a health score of 9. As of July 2025, they were both alive. Conclusions Increasing the proportion of leaves (more than 500 g/day) and reducing fruits and vegetables with high content of sugar and water (less than 200 g/day) can effectively improve the intestinal health and reproductive capacity of captive François'langurs. It will offer practical guidance for the conservation and management of endangered primates in captivity.
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武汉市园林和林业局科技计划项目(WHGF2020A08)
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