甘肃省小型奶牛场生物安全的KAP分析
KAP analysis of biosafety in small-scale dairy farms in Gansu Province
目的 研究甘肃省小规模奶牛场的生物安全知识、态度和生物安全实践落实情况,以及生物安全实践与奶牛腹泻发生率之间的关系,找出生物安全管理漏洞,为研究制定科学的生物安全防控策略提供依据。 方法 采用问卷调查法对随机抽取的18家小型奶牛场(存栏量≤30头)进行KAP调查,内容包括6个生物安全知识问题、6个态度问题、12个生物安全措施实践问题、5个从业人员和养殖场状况问题,统计奶牛腹泻发生次数。采用Spearman相关分析KAP各变量之间、生物安全实践得分与奶牛腹泻发生率之间的相关性。 结果 从业人员和养殖场状况在知识、态度和生物安全实践的得分差异不显著(P>0.05);知识-态度(r=0.509,P=0.031)、知识-实践(r=0.521,P=0.027)、态度-实践(r=0.710,P=0.001)均呈显著相关。奶牛腹泻发生率与生物安全措施的实施也呈强相关(r=-0.769,P=0.002)。 结论 提高养殖场生物安全知识和培养良好的态度是提高生物安全水平的必要条件,养殖场生物安全水平与动物健康密切相关。
Objectives The knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) of biosafety in small-scale dairy farms in Gansu Province was analyzed. The relationship between practices of biosafety and the incidence of diarrhea in dairy cow was studied to identify loopholes in the management of biosafety and provide a basis for formulating scientific strategies for preventing and controlling biosafety. Methods A questionnaire was used to conduct the KAP survey on 18 randomly selected small-scale dairy farms with the inventory quantity of no more than 30 heads. The content of survey included 6 questions on the knowledge of biosafety, 6 questions on the attitude of biosafety, 12 questions on the practices of biosafety, 5 questions on the status of practitioners and farms. The incidence of diarrhea in dairy cows was counted. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between variables of KAP, practice scores of biosafety, and the incidence of diarrhea in dairy cows. Results There were no significant differences in KAP of biosafety between status of practitioners and farms (P>0.05). Knowledge and attitude (r=0.509, P=0.031), knowledge and practice (r=0.521, P=0.027), and attitude and practice (r=0.710, P=0.001) was all significantly correlated. The incidence of diarrhea in dairy cows was strongly correlated with the implementation of measures for biosafety (r= -0.769, P =0.002) as well. Conclusions Improving the knowledge of biosafety and cultivating a positive attitude in farms are necessary conditions for improving the level of biosafety. The level of biosafety in farms is closely related to animal health.
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甘肃省青年人才团队项目(甘组通字[2024]4号:2024QNTD22)
甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2021-24)
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